华北农学报2018，Vol.33Issue(2)：224-231,8.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.2018.02.031
秸秆还田配施氮肥对春玉米水氮利用效率的影响
Effects of Straw Returning Plus Nitrogen Fertilizer on Water Use Efficiency and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Spring Maize in Northeast China
摘要
Abstract
To study the effects of straw returning and nitrogen(N) application rates on water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize.A field experiment was conducted in 2014-2015 at Tieling City of Liaoning Province with six treatments(0.0 kg/ha of straw +0.0 kg/ha of pure NPK,S0F0; 9 000 kg/ha of straw +0.0 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of pure P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN0;9 000 kg/ha of straw+112.5 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of pure P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN1;0.0 kg/ha of straw+225.0 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of pure P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,S0N2,CK;9 000 kg/ha of straw+225.0 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN2;9 000 kg/ha of straw+337.5 kg/ha of pure N+112.5 kg/ha of P+90.0 kg/ha of pure K,SN3).Results indicated that the maize yield and nitrogen agronomic use efficiency were dra-matically influenced by straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer.The yield of straw 9 000 kg/ha plus nitrogen 225.0 kg/ha treatment was the highest,and the average yield increased was 1.10%-11.56% in two years,which was mainly due to the significant increase of 100-seed weight and row numbers and the decrease of tip-barren,but the yield did not increase with the increased of nitrogen application rates.Cmand Wmof dry matter increased with the in-crease of nitrogen application rates in treatments of straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer,but tmof dry matter was delayed in treatment of 0.0 kg/ha of straw plus 0.0 kg/ha of pure N,which decreased directly dry matter accumu-lation.Straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer increased soil water storage capacity,crop water use efficiency,but un-der the same nitrogen application rate,soil water storage capacity,precipitation utilization efficiency of grown pe-riod and crop water use efficiency of straw returning treatments were no significantly improved compared with non-straw returning treatments.Straw returning plus nitrogen fertilizer improved utilization rate of nitrogen fer-tilizer and soil organic matter,but the difference in available nutrients was not significant.Therefore,the com-prehensive analysis showed that straw returning 9 000 kg/ha plus 225.0 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer was the i-deal mode in brown soil area of the Northern Liaoning Province,which had certain application value in this re-gional agricultural development.关键词
秸秆还田/施氮量/水分利用效率/氮肥利用效率/春玉米/土壤养分Key words
Straw returning/Nitrogen application rate/Water use efficiency/Nitrogen use efficiency/Spring maize/Soil nutrients分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
白伟,张立祯,逄焕成,牛世伟,蔡倩,孙占祥,安景文..秸秆还田配施氮肥对春玉米水氮利用效率的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(2):224-231,8.基金项目
农业部公益性行业科研专项资金项目(201303130) （201303130）
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300204) （2016YFD0300204）
中国博士后科学基金(2017M620103) （2017M620103）
辽宁省"百千万人才工程"项目(201746) （201746）
