极地研究2018，Vol.30Issue(2)：140-153,14.DOI:10.13679/j.jdyj.20170026
南极特拉诺瓦湾下降风特征
CHARACTERISTICS OF KATABATIC WINDS IN TERRA NOVA BAY, ANTARCTICA
摘要
Abstract
Terra Nova Bay (TNB), Antarctica, is one of the confluence zones where strong katabatic winds are in-tense. In this paper, data from the high-resolution Antarctic mesoscale prediction system (AMPS) and auto-matic weather station (AWS) Manuela on Inexpressible Island in TNB are used to analyze the characteristics of katabatic winds in these areas. The AMPS shows good capability in simulating wind speed and air tem-perature at Inexpressible Island; however, the simulated wind direction is about 30° further westward than measured. The wind speed at Inexpressible Island increases rapidly from January and it is maintained at a high level during April–September. Data from the Manuela AWS indicate the strongest winds lag the lowest temperatures by about 3 h in January, and in winter, the measured wind direction is mostly west-southwest. Katabatic winds in TNB and the surrounding area are derived from the higher ice sheet to the west, and the spatial distribution of the wind direction rarely changes with season. The wind speed shows considerable seasonal variation; winds are generally a breeze during November–January, before increasing during March–September. In winter, katabatic winds form confluence zones at several glaciers near the coast of TNB, and Inexpressible Island is affected by katabatic winds from the Reeves Glacier. Boundaries are clear in the upper, northern, and southern sides of the katabatic winds areas of the Reeves Glacier. Strong kata-batic winds extend from the surface to 650–800 m above ground level (AGL), and the core of the maximum wind speed is located at about 50–200 m AGL. Strong katabatic winds can be weakened because of the ter-rain of Inexpressible Island. The surface potential temperature differs little from the inland plateau to the coastal area near TNB, indicating a dry adiabatic process within the march of the katabatic winds in these areas.关键词
南极/特拉诺瓦湾/难言岛/下降风Key words
Antarctica/Terra Nova Bay/Inexpressible Island/katabatic winds引用本文复制引用
孙启振,张占海,丁卓铭,沈辉,张林,孟上..南极特拉诺瓦湾下降风特征[J].极地研究,2018,30(2):140-153,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(41206185, 41076128)、国家留学基金(201504180004)资助 （41206185, 41076128）
