中国水产科学2018，Vol.25Issue(3)：674-681,8.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2018.17324
基于水声学的北江石角水库鱼类资源季节变动及行为特征研究
Seasonal variation of fish density and behavior in Shijiao Reservoir, Beijiang River by using hydroacoustic methods
摘要
Abstract
Beijiang River, the second largest river of the Pearl River Basin, is an important species gene pool which has 143 species fish in datum. Shijiao reservoir is the first cascade river-type reservoir between Qingyuan hydro-junction and Feilaixia hydro-junction. Because of the blocking effect and other human activities, fishery resources had a declined tendency. Up to now, no relative research was reported in this area since the hy-dro-junction was built, so the actualities of fishery resource is unknown. To understand the current situation of fish resource, a split beam echosounder EY60 (120 kHz, 200 W) was used to survey the fish resource and behavior feature from 2015 to 2016 in different seasons. All the surveys were divided into a certain elementary distance sampling unit EDSU, so that for every survey, 200–250 EDSU with independent estimates of biomass, density and behavior were available. Echoview 4.9 was used to process acoustic data. The results show that there was signifi-cant difference in fish density, behavior feature in different survey periods and different survey areas. The average fish density in the survey area was (0.008±0.0125) ind/m3 in December 2015, (0.1601±0.1123) ind/m3 in March 2016 and (0.0405±0.0449) ind/m3 in June 2016 respectively. Fish individuals had evident seasonal variation ten-dency, characterized that fish mainly resided in dam area in winter and spring and migrated to upstream area in summer. According to the vertical distribution data, fish mainly distributed in 4-12 m layers and the distribution had significantly difference in different area (F=12.35, P<0.01). Fish's behaviors such as swimming speed, swimming direction and depth preference were significantly different in different season. Take migration direction as examples, fish mainly migrated horizontally from dam area to upstream area and swimming down in vertical direction in summer, winter has opposite situation. As a whole, this study reveals a clear pattern of fish distribution, migration and behavior feature in different season, and shows the applicability of acoustic method to study fish behaviors in large scale area. The results can provide reference for fishery resources sustainable development and fishery engineering design of Beijiang River.关键词
水声学/石角水库/鱼类资源/时空分布/行为特征Key words
hydroacoustic/Shijiao Reservoir/fish resource/temperal-spatial distribution/behavior feature分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
武智,李捷,朱书礼,李新辉..基于水声学的北江石角水库鱼类资源季节变动及行为特征研究[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(3):674-681,8.基金项目
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(2017HY-ZC0705, 2017HY-ZC0704). （2017HY-ZC0705, 2017HY-ZC0704）
