植物营养与肥料学报2018，Vol.24Issue(3)：685-692,8.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.17097
不同施氮量对紫色土大白菜季产量和氨挥发的影响
Effect of nitrogen rates on cabbage yield and ammonia volatilization in purple soil
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]Many factors affect cabbage yield and ammonia volatilization in rice–cabbage rotation system in purple soil. The research was aiming to clarify the trends of NH3 volatilization affected by nitrogen rates and climate factors, to give some recommendation for mitigating nitrogen loss in Sichuan Province.[Methods]Field experiments were conducted with different nitrogen rates on cabbage in a purple soil. The nitrogen rate included N 0, 112.5, 150, 187.5, 225 and 300 kg/hm2. The N fertilizer was divided into two equal parts and applied for basal application and topdressing. A continual air-flow chamber method was used to measure the ammonia volatilization. The measurement was conducted successively for 14 days after basal fertilization or topdressing at 9:00–10:00 am and 16:00–17:00 pm till no ammonia volatilization was detected. The cabbage yield and nitrogen content in the cabbage were measured after maturity.[Results]The total NH3 volatilization of the entire season increased from 2.27 kg/hm2 to 22.72 kg/hm2 with increasing nitrogen rate from 0 to 300 kg/hm2. When the nitrogen rate was increased from 0 to 150 kg/hm2, NH3 volatilization after basal fertilization was in range of 1.08–23.58 kg/hm2, greater than that after topdressing (0.21–2.83 kg/hm2), which was due to the higher temperature after basal fertilization than after topdressing. Cabbage yield increase became not significant when the N rate was over 187.5 kg/hm2, however, the total NH3 volatilization kept increased. The NH3 volatilization increase was not significant when the N rate was increased from 150 kg/hm2 to 187.5 kg/hm2, but became significant from 187.5 kg/hm2 to 225 kg/hm2 or 300 kg/hm2.[Conclusions]Ammonia volatilization of cabbage occurs largely during the first two weeks after fertilization. Nitrogen rates and soil temperature are the two main factors affecting ammonia volatilization. Comprehensively considering the yield and N loss, the optimal total nitrogen rate is 187.5 kg/hm2.关键词
紫色土/大白菜/氨挥发/施氮量/温度Key words
purple soil/cabbage/ammonia volatilization/nitrogen rate/temperature引用本文复制引用
罗付香,林超文,刘海涛,王宏,张建华,朱永群,姚莉,王谢..不同施氮量对紫色土大白菜季产量和氨挥发的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2018,24(3):685-692,8.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B03-8) （2012BAD05B03-8）
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003014) （农业）
四川省创新能力提升工程专项(2016GYSH-023) （2016GYSH-023）
四川省公益性农业专项(2011NZ0094) （2011NZ0094）
四川省公益性农业专项(2013NZ0028) （2013NZ0028）
四川省基因工程专项(2012QNJJ-019)资助. （2012QNJJ-019）
