动物营养学报2018，Vol.30Issue(3)：973-980,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.021
饲喂不同消化能和粗蛋白质水平的饲粮对泌乳前期伊犁母马泌乳性能及马驹生长发育的影响
Effects of Feeding Different Levels of Digestible Energy and Crude Protein Diets on Milk Performance of Yili Mares during Early Lactation Period and Growth Development of Foals
摘要
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding different levels of digestible energy (DE) and crude protein (CP) diets on milk performance and fatty acid composition in milk fat of Yili mares during early lactation period,and growth development and plasma physiological-biochemical indexes of foals,in order to provide references for further understand the requirements of energy and protein for Yili mares during lactation period.Twenty-five Yili mares in early lactation with similar age,body weight and parity and without genetic relationship were selected,and divided into five groups according to body weight of mares with five mares per group.The trial lasted for 60 days which divided into two lactation months,and every 30 days for a lactation month.In the 1st month of lactation,the DE and CP feeding levels of mares of the five groups were 101.41 MJ/d and 1.38 kg/d (group Ⅰ),112.05 MJ/d and 1.50 kg/d (group Ⅱ),122.40 MJ/d and 1.63 kg/d (group Ⅲ),133.27 MJ/d and 1.75 kg/d (group Ⅳ),143.84 MJ/d and 1.87 kg/d (group Ⅴ),respectively.In the 2nd month of lactation,the DE and CP feeding levels of mares in the five groups were 129.73 MJ/d and 1.82 kg/d (group Ⅰ),140.37 MJ/d and 1.94 kg/d (group Ⅱ),150.72 MJ/d and 2.07 kg/d (group Ⅲ),161.60 MJ/d and 2.19 kg/d (group Ⅳ),172.17 MJ/d and 2.31 kg/d (group Ⅴ),respectively.The 1st to 14th day of each lactation month was pre-trail period,and the last 10 days was sampling period.The results showed as follows:the milk yield,conventional milk composition and milk somatic cell count were not affected by feeding different levels of DE and CP diets (P＞0.05).Subsequently,the content of saturated fatty acid in milk fat was not significant difference among groups (P＞0.05).The content of unsaturated fatty acid in milk fat of groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ which compared with group Ⅰ was significantly increased (P＜0.05).Meanwhile,There was no significant difference in monounsaturated fatty acid content in milk fat among groups (P＞0.05).Compared with groups Ⅱ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ,the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid in milk fat of group Ⅰ was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Along with the increase of dietary DE and CP levels,the contents of palmitic acid (C16∶0),palmitoleic acid (C16∶1) and linoleic acid (C18∶2n6c) in milk fat had significant changes (P＜0.05).Among them,the contents of palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid in milk fat of group Ⅰ were significantly higher than those of other groups (P＜0.05),the linoleic acid content in milk fat of group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that of groups Ⅱ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ (P＜0.05).Feeding different levels of DE and CP diets to Yili mares during early lactation period had no significant effects on body weight,body length,heart girth and cannon circumference of foals,but the body height of foals of the group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P＜0.05).From the plasma physiological-biochemical indexes of foals,such as plasma triglyceride,total protein,albumin and urea nitrogen contents,there were no significant differences among all groups (P＞0.05).In conclusion,in the 1st and 2nd month of lactation,DE feeding level of 101.41 and 129.73 MJ/d,and CP feeding level of 1.38 and 1.82 kg/d,have been able to meet the nutritional needs for lactating Yili mares,and increase dietary DE and CP levels will reduce palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid contents and improve linoleic acid content in milk.关键词
伊犁母马/消化能/粗蛋白质/乳成分/马驹/血浆生理生化指标Key words
Yili mare/digestable energy/crude protein/milk composition/foals/plasma physiological-biochemical indexes分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
方美烟,王贤东,于全平,杨光,陈勇..饲喂不同消化能和粗蛋白质水平的饲粮对泌乳前期伊犁母马泌乳性能及马驹生长发育的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(3):973-980,8.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD45B02) （2012BAD45B02）
