天津农业科学2018，Vol.24Issue(6)：56-59,4.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2018.06.014
4种不同树形对矮化中间砧苹果树树体结构和产量品质的影响
Effects of Four Different Tree Shapes on the Structure, Yield and Quality of Apple Trees
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the suitable tree shape for the cultivation of the modern dwarf cultivation mode apple orchard, the apple trees (Yanfu 3/M26/Octagon, 1.0 m×4.0 m) were used for the test material to study the influences of four tree shapes (high spindle shape, slender spindle shape, improved spindle shape, sparse canopy shape) on the tree development, orchard structure, branch com-position, yield and fruit quality. The results showed that the high spindle structure was the best, which the tree height, crown diame-ter, orchard coverage, canopy light transmittance, and the ratio of medium and short branch were 368 cm, 215 cm x 135 cm, 40.0％, 24.5％, and 74.9％respectively, followed by the slender spindle (354 cm, 241 cm × 148 cm, 49.4％, 21.8％, and 71.4％). There was the highest Pn, SPAD and leaf area indices in high spindle of the four tree shapes, and the relative indices were 20.6 μmol·m-2·s-1, 60.7, and 3.3 respectively, followed by the slender spindle (20.1 μmol·m-2·s-1, 59.2, 3.1). The average yield of 2 consecutive years, color index, smooth index, fruit index, and pulp hardness of the high spindle were 73.52 t ·hm-2, 80％, 79％, 83.5％, and 8.8 kg · cm-2 respectively, showing superior to the other 3 shapes;the sparse canopy had the largest average fruit weight (238.2 g); while the slender spindle had the highest SSC (15.87％), followed by high spindle (15.54％), improved spindle (14.9％), and small sparse canopy (14.51％). Totally, the high spindle shape is more suitable for the modern dwarf cultivation apple orchard.关键词
矮化中间砧苹果/树形/树体结构/产量/品质Key words
dwarf middle rootstock apple/tree shape/tree structure/yield/quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王来平,薛晓敏,聂佩显,安淼,王金政..4种不同树形对矮化中间砧苹果树树体结构和产量品质的影响[J].天津农业科学,2018,24(6):56-59,4.基金项目
国家现代苹果产业技术体系(CARSA-28) （CARSA-28）
山东名特优果品提质增效与标准化生产关键技术研究(2014CXZ04-1) （2014CXZ04-1）
