生态科学2018，Vol.37Issue(3)：222-232,11.DOI:10.14108/j.cnki.1008-8873.2018.03.029
滨岸带对河流生态系统的影响机制研究进展
Review on the influence mechanism of riparian zone to the river ecosystem
摘要
Abstract
The influence mechanism for riparian zone to the river ecosystem is reviewed from the aspects of hydrologic regulation, water quality improvement, material input controlling and biodiversity maintenance. The results show that riparian zone has a significant effect on hydrologic regulation, which is mainly achieved through increasing the water holding capacity of soil, changing the surface runoff path, weakening the erosion strength, and redistributing flow velocities or flow field characteristics by the emergent plants and submerged plants. Besides, the riparian zone can experience cyclical dry-wet alternate, and simultaneously has the rich vegetation and rich soil microbial types. These unique hydrological and geochemical conditions make riparian zone act as the "hot spots" for migration and transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus. The riparian zone is also indispensable for maintaining the structure and function of the aquatic ecosystem. It can both supply abundant materials for the water body and simultaneously avoid excessive loads of nutrients or other pollutants. This kind of regulation plays an important role in the maintenance of structure as well as function of the aquatic ecosystem. Finally, the riparian zone plays a key role in preserving the biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems. The growth of aquatic and wet vegetation complete the food chain of the aquatic ecosystem, and increase the number of large invertebrates and fish populations, which contribute obviously for the promotion of the aquatic biodiversity. The flood disturbance and hydrochory can be recognized as the key factors affecting or driving these processes. Until now, the understanding to the ecological processes in the riparian zone is not sufficiently deep. The future study should focus on the material and ecological processes, especially 1) the coupling mechanism among hydrological and biological factors in the riparian zone, 2) simulation and prediction of the water quality effect of the riparian zone, and 3) the influencing mechanism of the riparian zone to the river biodiversity.关键词
滨岸带/水文调节/水质净化/物质输入/生物多样性Key words
riparian zone/hydrological regulating/water purification/material input/biodiversity分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
王超,尹炜,贾海燕,雷俊山,徐建锋..滨岸带对河流生态系统的影响机制研究进展[J].生态科学,2018,37(3):222-232,11.基金项目
水利部技术示范项目(SF-201708) （SF-201708）
国家重点研发计(2017YFC0505302) （2017YFC0505302）
