畜牧兽医学报2018，Vol.49Issue(6)：1178-1193,16.DOI:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2018.06.010
冬季封闭式肉种鸡舍空气颗粒物、氨气和二氧化碳分布特点及PM2.5理化特性分析
Distribution of Particles ,Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide as well as Physicochemical Property of PM2.5in an Enclosed Broiler Breeder House in Winter
摘要
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of particulate matter(PM),ammonia(NH3)and carbon dioxide(CO2)in an enclosed caged broiler breeder house as well as the component and ultrastructure of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)collected from the hen house in winter.Detections of temperature,relative humidity,airflow speed,illumination and concen-trations of PM,NH3and CO2were taken from 05 :00 to 21 :00 in every two hours for 8-day con-tinuous measuring in December 2016 in an enclosed broiler breeder house with 7 monitoring posi-tions inside the house and 1 outside the house.There were 5 626 Youai breeder hens of 57-58 weeks old in the house.Furthermore,particles sampler was fixed at the middle position of the breeder hen house to collect PM2.5for 16 h per day which was used to analyze chemical composi-tion and observe ultrastructure.The results showed that :1)The temperature,PM and NH3con-centrations in forepart of the breeder hen house were markedly lower than middle and back posi-tion(P＜0.05).The PM2.5,PM10and TSP concentrations inside the breeder hen house were sig-nificantly higher than outside the breeder hen house(P＜0.001).The PM2.5,PM10and TSP con-centrations all were the highest at feeding time(05 :00)in the morning,and these were the low-est after turning off the lights at 21 :00.Whereas the ratios of PM2.5/PM10,PM10/TSP,PM2.5/TSP were the highest when the chicken flocks were quiet.Airflow speeds showed significant cor-relation with other microclimatic variables except PM 2.5(P＜0.01).The CO2concentration and airflow speed were affected indistinctively by ambient air outside the house.2)Organic carbon(OC)was the mainly component of PM2.5collected from the enclosed breeder hen house,concen-trations of NO －3and SO2 －4 were also relatively high comparing with other components.It was observed that the PM2.5of layer house contained many mineral particles and a part of smoke col-lection by electron microscopy.Energy spectrum diagrams of PM 2.5revealed that both mass per-cent and atomic percent of C and O were the highest.The PM concentrations inside the monitored house were higher than outside.Air quality in the forepart of the house(air inlet)was better than middle and back.Chicken activity mainly caused coarse particles(PM10,TSP)increase.Organic matter and mineral were the major components of PM 2.5from the enclosed breeder hen house,which mainly come from feed,feces and ground dust.关键词
肉种鸡舍/颗粒物/有害气体/PM2.5电镜结构/PM2.5成分/相关性分析Key words
broiler breeder house/particulate matter/noxious gas/PM2.5ultrastructure/PM2.5 component/correlation analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
沈丹,戴鹏远,吴胜,唐倩,李春梅..冬季封闭式肉种鸡舍空气颗粒物、氨气和二氧化碳分布特点及PM2.5理化特性分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2018,49(6):1178-1193,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31772648) （31772648）
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0500505) （2016YFD0500505）
