Abstract
Objective To explore the effects of two balanced dietary patterns with different breakfasts on the blood glucose and blood pressure in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients with abnormal blood glucose,and to identify the possible mechanism.Methods We conducted this test from May 23rd to July 1st,2017.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,we enrolled 24 hypertensive cases with abnormal blood glucose from the database of middle-aged and elderly hypertensive villagers of Zhangfang Village of Beijing's Fangshan District and randomized them into group A and group B with 12 cases in each.Both groups received a 4-week balanced diet intervention with the same lunch and dinner but different breakfasts except on the 1st day(T0)and 28th day(T4)of intervention,they ate the same breakfast that we used for OGTT:during the second day to the 27th day of intervention,group A ate steamed bread but group B ate anti-atherosclerotic powdered food, along with a cooked egg,the same amount of milk and salad,for breakfast.We collected their sociodemographic characteristics, and the data regarding fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 2 h-postprandial plasma glucose(2 h PG)after breakfast measured at T0,T1(on the 7th day of intervention),T2(on the 14th day of intervention),T3(on the 21st day of intervention)and T4,2 h PG after lunch measured at T1 and T3,systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),fasting insulin(FIN),angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),malondialdehyde(MDA),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),Ghrelin and adiponectin(ADPN)measured at T0,T2 and T4.Results The method and duration of intervention produced interaction effects on 2 h PG after breakfast(P＜0.05)instead of FBG(P＞0.05).Intervention duration exerted significant main effects on FBG and 2 h PG after breakfast(P＜0.05),but the method of intervention did not(P＞0.05).For more detail,the FBG level at T4 was lower than that at T0,T1,T2,T3 in both groups(P＜0.05).The 2 h PG level after breakfast was lower in group B than that of group A at T1,T2,T3(P＜0.05).Group B showed higher 2 h PG level after breakfast at T0 compared with at T1,T2,T3 (P＜0.05).Both groups showed similar 2 h PG level after lunch either at T1 or T3(P＞0.05).2 h PG level after lunch at T1 was similar to that at T3 in both groups(P＞0.05).The method and duration of intervention had interaction effects on TAC(P＜0.05) but not on SBP,DBP,FIN,Ang Ⅱ,MDA,Ghrelin and ADPN(P＞0.05).The main effect of the intervention method on SBP,DBP,FIN,Ang Ⅱ,MDA,TAC,Ghrelin and ADPN was not significant(P＞0.05).The main effect of intervention duration on SBP,DBP,TAC,Ghrelin,and ADPN was significant(P＜0.05),but that on FIN,AngⅡ and MDA was not (P＞0.05).For more detail,for group A,at T4,SBP,DBP and Ghrelin were lower but TAC and ADPN were higher compared with at T0(P＜0.05),and TAC was also higher than that at T2(P＜0.05).For group B,SBP was lower and TAC was higher at T2 compared with at T0(P＜0.05),when at T4,SBP,DBP and Ghrelin were lower and ADPN was higher compared with at T0(P＜0.05),and TAC was lower compared with at T2(P＜0.05).Conclusion A balanced dietary pattern helps to achieve glycemic and hypertension control for middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients with abnormal blood glucose,and its effect (for improving overall health)became better when supplemented by anti-atherosclerotic powdered food.The mechanism may be related to improved postprandial glycemic control,increased TAC and ADPN as well as decreased Ghrelin brought by anti-atherosclerotic powdered food.关键词
高血压/血糖/膳食疗法Key words
Hypertension/Blood glucose/Diet therapy分类
医药卫生
