作物学报2018，Vol.44Issue(7)：1067-1076,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01067
大田长期水氮处理对土壤氮素及小麦籽粒淀粉糊化特性的影响
Effects of Long-Term Irrigation and Nitrogen Regimes on Soil Nitrogen Con-tent and Paste Property of Wheat Grain
摘要
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and water contents in soil are primary elements affecting grain yield and quality of wheat. For optimizing the water and fertilizer management in high-quality and high-efficiency wheat production, a split-plot experiment was carried out in the long-term fertilization fields in Wenxian county, Henan province in the 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 winter wheat seasons. The main-plot factor was irrigation in three levels (W0 for no irrigation, W1 for 750 m3ha–1at jointing, and W2 for 750 +750 m3 ha–1at jointing + anthesis), and the split-plot factor was N rate in four levels (0, 180, 240, and 300 kg ha–1). Yumai 49-198, a me-dium-gluten variety, was the unique variety used in the experiment. The soil NO3--N content in the 0–20 cm soil layer was sig-nificantly lower, whereas, the amylopectin and starch contents, starch peak viscosity and final viscosity were significantly higher in W1 and W2 treatments than in W0 treatment. Under irrigation conditions, the volume of small starch granule (＜5.0 μm) in-creased as compared with that under W0 condition, with the increase of 3.4% in W1 and 4.8% in W2 in the 2014–2015 wheat season. Nitrogen application improved soil NO3--N content but negatively affected amylose content and the percentage of small starch granules. Amylopectin and starch contents, peak viscosity, through viscosity, and final viscosity increased with N applica-tion ranging from 0 to 240 kg ha–1. The correlation analysis revealed positive correlations (P ＜ 0.01) of NO3--N with starch yield, peak viscosity, through viscosity, and final viscosity. Results showed that under N 240 kg ha–1 and W1 condition the nitrate con-tent in topsoil layer was 19.64–20.55 mg kg-1 having higher grain yield and good starch property.关键词
水氮运筹/土壤硝态氮/淀粉含量/淀粉组成/糊化特性Key words
irrigation and nitrogen interaction/NO3--N in soil/starch content/starch compositions/paste properties引用本文复制引用
李莎莎,马耕,刘卫星,康娟,陈雨露,胡阳阳,张盼盼,王晨阳..大田长期水氮处理对土壤氮素及小麦籽粒淀粉糊化特性的影响[J].作物学报,2018,44(7):1067-1076,10.基金项目
本研究由国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD26B01)和河南省小麦产业技术体系建设专项(S2010-01-G07)资助.The study was supported by the National Technology R&D Program of China (2015BAD26B01) and the Wheat Research System of Henan Province (S2010-01-G07). （2015BAD26B01）
