灌溉排水学报2018，Vol.37Issue(4)：9-17,9.DOI:10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0543
玉米生理生态指标及产量对不同生育期水分亏缺的响应
Responses of Physiological and Growth Traits and the Yield of Maize toWater Deficit Occurring at Different Growth Stages
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of water deficit occurring at different growth stages on stomatal conductance, evapotranspiration and yield of maize.[Method]A two-year pot experiment was carried out with water deficit occurring at stages of early jointing (A), late jointing (B), tasseling (C) and grain-filling (D) of maize growing in Lishu experimental station of China agricultural university in Jilin province. We examined four treatments, with water deficit lasting 1, 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively (C1, C3, C5 and C7). The control (CK) was full irrigation without water deficit.[Result]①The stomatal conductance decreased with the increase in water deficit, especially in C5 and C7; when the volumetric soil water content was less than 0.15, the stomatal conductance reduced to less than 50 mmol/(m2 · s). ②Under water stress, the evapotranspiration was lower than that in the CK. Water deficit lasting for one day at any of the four growth stages did not result in noticeable detrimental impact, except C3 where the evapotranspiration only slightly decreased. In contrast, a prolonged water deficit lasting five or seven days at any stage significantly reduced the evapotranspiration compared to the CK. When the volumetric soil water content was less than 0.15, the evapotranspiration was only one third of that at normal moisture content. ③The yield and yield traits decreased with water stress increasing, and a seven- day water deficit could reduce the average yield by 49.1％. Water stress at any stage reduced the yield, especially when occurring at the tassel period. The bald tip was the most significant trait for yield reduction.[Conclusion]We can conclude from our experiment that water deficit for one to three days had limited effect on ecophysiological traits and the yield of the maize, and the volumetric water content of 0.15 can be used as an critical water content to diagnose water deficit.We also found top-upping the moisture content to sufficient level at tasseling stage after water deficit can help achieving high yield.关键词
玉米/亏水处理/气孔导度/耗水量/土壤水分/产量Key words
maize/water deficit treatment/stomatal conductance/evapotranspiration/soil moisture/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张智郡,刘海军,张立伟,刘钰,丁梅,朱明承..玉米生理生态指标及产量对不同生育期水分亏缺的响应[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(4):9-17,9.基金项目
水利部公益项目(201401036) （201401036）
国家自然科学基金项目(51479004) （51479004）
