水生生物学报2018，Vol.42Issue(6)：1107-1115,9.DOI:10.7541/2018.136
浅水湖泊四种渔具捕捞选择性及对鱼类群落影响比较研究
COMPARISONS OF SELECTIVITY BY FOUR FISHING METHODS ON FISH COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT IN A SHALLOW YANGTZE LAKE, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR FISHERY MANAGEMENT
摘要
Abstract
Knowledge of the vulnerability of different species and size groups to various types of fishing methods is vital to the development of optimal harvesting strategies and rational exploitation of fish resources.In this study,the selectivity of four types of fishing methods (weir nets,gill nets,electrofishing,and cormorants) used simultaneously in a typical multi-species shallow lake (Lake Niushan,China) within the Yangtze River basin,was compared for catch composition,efficiency,and size selection.Species selectivity was evaluated with the index of relative importance (IRI).Potential fishing effects on the trophic structure of fish community were analyzed by calculating the mean trophic level (MTL) of the catches and the weight ratio between prey and predator fishes.Results indicated that the use of weir nets and electrofishing should be reduced or eliminated,because they were relatively unselective and caught many species,including juvenile individuals.Fishing efforts of cormorants should be restricted due to their high fishing efficiency,especially on piscivorous fishes.Gill nets with appropriate mesh size are likely to be a more sustainable fishing method since they were more selective in capturing larger individuals and could balance the prey-predator relationship.We suggest shifting from single-species approaches toward multi-species management,and taking trophic interactions into account to better manage fishery resources.关键词
多物种渔业/捕捞选择性/营养结构/鸬鹚/渔业管理Key words
Multi-species fisheries/Fishing selectivity/Trophic structure/Trained cormorants/Fishery management分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
叶少文,曾文涛,陈宇顺,张堂林,刘家寿,李钟杰..浅水湖泊四种渔具捕捞选择性及对鱼类群落影响比较研究[J].水生生物学报,2018,42(6):1107-1115,9.基金项目
Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (2015BAD13B02) （2015BAD13B02）
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51679230) （51679230）
Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303056) （201303056）
Open Program from the State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology (2016FBZ10) （2016FBZ10）
