草业学报2019，Vol.28Issue(1)：95-107,13.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2018502
青稞替代玉米对育肥牦牛生产性能和肉品质的影响
Effects on production performance, slaughter performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients and meat quality of partial substitution of corn concentrate with highland barley in a yak fattening system
摘要
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of partial substitution of corn concentrate by highl and barley in a yak fattening system.The experiment comprised a factorial combination of two levels of diet type (100％ corn;60％ highl and barley+40％ corn) and three different concentrate:forage ratios (CFR, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50).Healthy Maiwa male yaks[n=36;4 years of age; (144±21.0) kg body weight]were r andomly divided into 6groups, of 6animals.Hence, the individual animals in each group were taken as experimental replicates.There was a pre-experimental period of 15 days, followed by a trial period of 180days.Data collected included:production performance, slaughter performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, muscle physical and chemical indexes, muscle tenderness and fiber characteristics of the yaks.It was found that:1) Diet type and concentrate:forage ratio had no significant effect on production performance (P＞0.05).2) The net meat percentage of the 60％ -40％ barley-corn group was significantly higher than that of the 100％ corn group (P＜0.05), but no significant differences between the two diet-type groups in dressing percentage and eye muscle area were observed (P＞0.05).CFR had no significant effect on slaughter performance (P＞0.05).There were significant interaction effects between the dietary types and concentrate:forage ratios on the eye muscle area (P＜0.05), and the best group was 60％ -40％ barley-corn with 40:60CFR.3) Diet type had no significant impact on apparent digestibility of nutrients.However, compared with the 30:70CFR, the apparent digestibilities of organic matter (OM), gross energy (GE) and crude protein (CP) were significantly improved in the 40:60 and 50:50CFR groups (P=0.002, 0.003 and 0.018, respectively).Significant interactions were observed between diet type and CFR, for the apparent digestibility of gross energy (GE), organic matter (OM), and ether extract (EE) (P＜0.05), with the best group being 100％ corn with 40:60CFR.4) No significant difference was found between diet types for lightness value (L*), redness value (a*) and pH in the longissimus dorsi muscle (P＞0.05), but the yellowness value (b*), drip loss and cooking loss of the60％ -40％ barley-corn group were significantly lower than those of the 100％ corn group (P=0.044, 0.048 and 0.003, respectively).With increasing CFR, cooking loss decreased (P=0.075).5) Diet type had no significant effect on muscle tenderness (P＞0.05).However, with increased CFR, shear force was decreased (P＞0.05), muscle fiber diameter was decreased (P=0.059), muscle fiber density was significantly increased (P＜0.05), and muscle fiber area was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).In conclusion, a 60％ substitution of highl and barley in a corn concentrate diet in a yak fattening system, improved the slaughter performance, and meat quality.Considering all the data, the optimal dietary concentrate:forage ratio for yaks in this study was 40:60.关键词
青稞/玉米/精粗比/牦牛/生产性能/屠宰性能/养分表观消化率/肉品质Key words
highland barley/corn/concentrate∶forage ratio/yak/production performance/slaughter performance/apparent digestibility of nutrients/meat quality引用本文复制引用
苗建军,彭忠利,高彦华,郭春华,王鼎,付洋洋..青稞替代玉米对育肥牦牛生产性能和肉品质的影响[J].草业学报,2019,28(1):95-107,13.基金项目
西南民族大学国拨专项-中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目"优质牦牛肉生产关健养殖技术研究"(2016NGJPY09)和西南民族大学研究生"创新型科研项目"(CX2017SZ048)资助 （2016NGJPY09）
