化工进展2019，Vol.38Issue(3)：1147-1159,13.DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1095
石油沥青质的微观结构分析和轻质化
Petroleum asphaltene micro-structure analysis and lightening
摘要
Abstract
This paper intended to summarize and deeply understand of the micro-structure and lightening of petroleum asphaltene, as well as exploring pathways for the effective conversion of asphaltene, and providing ideas to solve the problems which exist in asphaltene lightening in heavy oil processing. Firstly, the researches on asphaltene micro-structure was summarized. After analyzing the structure of the asphaltene unit sheet and the interaction existing in asphaltene nano-microscale structure, a new viewpoint that the asphaltene nano-microscale structure was composed of few crystallike associations and large number of amorphous associations was speculated. Secondly, by analyzing the asphaltene lightening process, it was found that the asphaltene lighting was not achieved in thermal cracking and hydroconversion processes, most of the asphaltene was condensed to form coke. Though solvation by supercritical water promoted parts of asphaltene to be converted to maltene, releasing less active hydrogen could not restrain the asphaltene condensation leading to high coke yield. While in liquid-phase hydroconversion process, the active hydrogen radicals were utilized for stopping the chain reaction of asphaltene macromolecular radicals, in return, coking from asphaltene was avoided and effective lightening asphaltene was achieved. Lastly, by analyzing the colloidal system stability during asphaltene conversion process, it showed that keeping stable of the colloidal system stability was difficult in thermal cracking and hydroconversion processes. The difference in conversion performance between the asphaltene-centered micelles and dispersion medium directly led to phase separation and coke formation. However, in liquid-phase hydro-conversion process, the dispersion medium of the newly established colloidal system owned a stable asphaltene micelles dissolving ability, which provided an optimal reaction environment for effective conversion asphaltene. In this work, a new viewpoint on the asphaltene nano-microscale structure and the amorphous disassociations was proposed to achieve asphaltene lightening in liquid-phase hydro-conversion process.关键词
石油沥青质/微观结构/似晶缔合体/非晶缔合体/胶体稳定性/液相加氢转化Key words
petroleum asphaltene/micro-structure/crystallike association/amorphous association/colloidal stability/liquid-phase hydroconversion分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
盛强,王刚,金楠,张淇源,高成地,高金森..石油沥青质的微观结构分析和轻质化[J].化工进展,2019,38(3):1147-1159,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0602504) （2017YFB0602504）
国家留学基金委公派留学基金 （）
