黑龙江农业科学Issue(2)：23-27,5.DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2019.02.0023
寒地牛粪强制通风静态好氧堆肥发酵及养分降解特征
Fermentation and Degradation Characteristics of Cattle Manure by Forced Ventilation Static Aerobic Composting in Cold Region
摘要
Abstract
In order to speed up the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure and overcome the disadvantageous conditions of low temperature in winter, three treatments were designed: forced ventilation static aerobic composting with preheating for treatment 1, forced ventilation static aerobic composting without preheating for treatment 2 and natural fermentation composting of cattle manure as control treatment CK.By comparing and analyzing the temperature, water content, pH, total nitrogen and humic acid content of each treatment, the experiment studied the cattle manure fermentation and degradation characteristics under low temperature in winter of North China.The results showed that: treatment 1 lasted 20 days when the temperature of the reactor was above 50 ℃ on the fifth day, treatment 2 lasted 16 days when the temperature of the reactor was above 50 ℃ on the ninth day, and both treatment temperatures met the national standards for the innocuous treatment of livestock and poultry manure (GB 7959-87); the control treatment temperature did not change significantly and did not meet the standards for the innocuous treatment of livestock and poultry manure.Test treatment 1 and 2 showed that the change of pH was lower in the early stage and higher in the later stage, and the heap was neutral to slightly alkaline (7.89-8.65) as a whole;the water content of the reactor showed a rising and declining trend in the early and late stages of the test, and a slight declining trend in general, which decreased from 65.48％ and 64.47％ at the beginning of the test to 62.01％ and 64.35％ at the completion of the decomposition, respectively;the TN loss of the reactor was higher, 46.45％ and 40.95％ respectively, from 36.60 and 35.90 g·kg-1 to 19.60 and 21.20 g·kg-1 at the time of completion of decomposition; humus was reduced by 19.60％ and 23.18％ respectively, from 296.50 and 285.60 g·kg-1 at the beginning of the experiment to 238.40 and 219.40 g·kg-1 at the time of completion of decomposition.Under the condition of low temperature in winter in North China, the composting technology of forced ventilation static aerobic composting could make the temperature of cattle manure compost reach the national sanitary standard and complete the effective composting process.Preheating in the early stage of the test could accelerate the temperature rise of reactor and raise the upper limit of temperature rise, which was conducive to the process of composting.关键词
强制通风静态堆肥/牛粪/堆腐温度/总氮/腐殖质Key words
forced ventilation static aerobic composting technology/cattle manure/temperature/total nitrogen/humus引用本文复制引用
陆海燕,尹桂花,刘杰..寒地牛粪强制通风静态好氧堆肥发酵及养分降解特征[J].黑龙江农业科学,2019,(2):23-27,5.基金项目
黑龙江省科技厅对外科技合作项目(WB12B10101) （WB12B10101）
哈尔滨市科技局项目(2014DB3AN027) （2014DB3AN027）
