土壤学报2019，Vol.56Issue(1)：165-175,11.DOI:10.11766/trxb201805210207
氮肥运筹对潮土冬小麦/夏玉米产量及氮肥利用率的影响
Effect of Nitrogen Application on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat and Summer Maize in Fluvo-aquic Soil
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] The aim of this study is to explore reasonable nitrogen (N) fertilizer management mode in Fluvo-aquic soil of the Huanghuai Plain, in an attempt to provide certain theoretical and technical basis for accomplishing the goal of zero growth in consumption of chemical fertilizer in China. [Method]A stationary field experiment was carried out in Fengqiu of Xinxiang, Henan Province, a typical grain crop growing region of China, from October 2015 to September 2017. Then experiment was designed to have four treatments on N fertilizer application, concerning mode, i.e. Treatment T1 (application of loss control urea once as basal) , Treatment T2 (application of conventional urea split as basal and topdressing) , Treatment T3 (application of loss control urea as basal and conventional urea as topdressing) , and Treatment T4 (application of conventional urea as basal and loss control urea as topdressing) , and four N application rates for each treatment, i.e. (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg·hm-2) . All the treatments, except Treatment T1, received 60％ the fertilizer as basal and 40％ as topdressing at the jointing stage of winter wheat and at the flaring stage of summer maize.[Result] Results showed that average grain yield per crop, average annual yield, and average annual economic benefit increased first and then decreased with rising N application rate, but average nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) declined gradually all the way. Among the treatments, Treatment T1 160 kg·hm-2 in rate was the highest in yield and economic benefit. In addition, it was also found that Treatment T1 varied sharply from all the other three (T2, T3 and T4) , which did not between themselves, in wheat grain yield, annual yield, annual crop output and annual economic benefit.Furthermore, analysis of the economic benefits of the two years showed that, Treatment T1 was lower in labor cost than all the others, the same in N application rate, because it saved the labor for topdressing, and moreover it was relatively high in yield. So among the treatments, Treatment T1 was relatively higher in, economic benefit. [Conclusion] Based on the equation of analog curve between yield and N rate, it is found that the application of loss control urea 160～173 kg·hm-2 in application rate, is relatively suitable to the studied area where rural labor is quite limited, and hence has a vast prospect of extrapolation.关键词
控失尿素/冬小麦/夏玉米/产量/氮肥利用率/经济效益Key words
Loss control urea/Winter wheat/Summer maize/Yield/Nitrogen use efficiency/Economic benefit分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张伟纳,刘宇娟,董成,谢迎新,马冬云,赵旭,岳艳军,王晨阳,郭天财..氮肥运筹对潮土冬小麦/夏玉米产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J].土壤学报,2019,56(1):165-175,11.基金项目
河南心连心化肥有限公司科研合作项目(Y141240001)、国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300400)和"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD26B00)共同资助 （Y141240001）
Supported by the Cooperation Project of Henan Xinlianxin Ferti1izer Co.Ltd. (No. Y141240001 ) , the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFD0300400) and the National Science and Technology Support Project of China ( No. 2015BAD26BOO ) （No. Y141240001 ）
