土壤学报2019，Vol.56Issue(1)：217-226,10.DOI:10.11766/trxb201804020127
稻虾轮作模式下江汉平原土壤理化性状特征研究
Effects of Rice-crawfish Rotation on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Jianghan Plain
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted in-depth researches on modes of comprehensive farming of paddy fields, but with focus mostly on mixed cultivation of rice and fish or crab. There are a few studies done on the mode of rice-crawfish rotation, with focus leaning on technology and economy of the mode, rather than on its effects on evolution of the paddy soil per se in the paddy field. Therefore, this study was oriented to explore effects of rice-crawfish rotation relative to cultivation history on physical and chemical properties of the soil, in an attempt to elucidate how the soil evolves in physicochemical properties under long-term rice-crawfish rotation, and provide certain scientific basis for guiding farmland management under such a cultivation model.[Methods]In this study, paddy fields, similar in soil and irrigation/drainage conditions, were selected within the scope of an irrigation/drainage ditch. Soil samples were collected by layer in a paddy field under mono-cropping of mid-rice as CK and paddy fields under rice-crawfish rotation different in cultivation history (1, 7, 13, 18 and 23 years. and labeled as CR1, CR7, CR13, CR18 and CR23, respectively) for analysis of soil pH, bulk density, porosity, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, cation exchange capacity (CEC) , and soil oxidizable organic carbon (ROC) .[Results]Results show that longterm rice-crawfish rotation significantly reduced soil bulk density and increased non-capillary porosity, capillary porosity, and total porosity in the 0～20 and 20～40 cm soil layers, but did not have much effect in the 40～60 cm soil. In the paddy field, 1 year old in rotation, soil pH, total nitrogen, and oxidizable organic carbon content increased significantly, but available nutrient and cation exchange capacity did not as much.Compared with the paddy field 1 year old in rotation 1 a, the paddy fields, 7～13 years old in rotation, were significantly higher in soil pH and other indices, and the paddy fields over 13 years old in rotation, soil pH, total nitrogen and content of available nutrients increased the most significantly in the 0～20 cm soil layer, but did not change much in physical and chemical properties in the 20～60 cm soil layer.In terms of significance of the changes in soil pH and other indices in the 0～20 cm soil layer, the paddy fields displayed an order of 23 a＞ 18 a＞ 13 a＞ 7 a＞ 1 a＞ 0 (CK) , and pH, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the 20～40 cm and 40～60 soil layers had similar trends, though not so significant. [Conclusion]Therefore, it can be concluded that long-term rice-crawfish rotation helps improve soil structure of the plough layer of the field, and increase soil buffering capacity, soil pH and contents of available nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.关键词
稻虾轮作/土壤物理性状/土壤化学性状/轮作年限/江汉平原Key words
Rice-crawfish rotation/Soil physical properties/Soil chemical properties/Rotation history/Jianghan Plain分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蔡晨,李谷,朱建强,彭亮,李继福,吴启侠..稻虾轮作模式下江汉平原土壤理化性状特征研究[J].土壤学报,2019,56(1):217-226,10.基金项目
中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2016HY-ZD0702)和国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300900)资助 （2016HY-ZD0702）
Supported by the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of China ( No. 2016HY-ZD0702 ) and the Nationa1 Key Research and Development Program of China ( No. 2016YFD0300900 ) （ No. 2016HY-ZD0702 ）
