农业工程学报2019，Vol.35Issue(19)：1-10,10.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.19.001
随动式残膜回收机清杂系统作业参数优化
Optimization of working parameters of cleaning system for master-slave residual plastic film recovery machine
摘要
Abstract
Plastic film has been widely used to mulch soil in croplands, but its recycling rate is less than 60%. Since natural degradation of plastic film is slow, accumulative use of plastic films has resulted in soil structure degradation and environment deterioration. Recy-cling the film residuals is hence mandatory. Manual picking is labor intensity and inefficient, and mechanical recycling is thus called. Most machines available on market are unable to separate the film residuals from straw and large soil particles during pick-up process. To alleviate this problem, we designed and tested an machine equipped with an improved cleaning system. We optimized the working parameters of the system in attempts to improve the residual recovery efficiency. Analysis of the structure of the cleaning system, its working principle and conditions, as well as the factors affecting the machine operation revealed that the most important parameters were the advancing speed of the machine, the speed of the film-conveyer, position of the pick-up drum and the speed of the secondary impurity-conveyer. We investigated the recovery rate of the film residuals, rate of separating the film residuals from the straw, and trans-port efficiency of the impurity, using the regression orthogonal combination tests with four five-level factors. The response surface of the testing results was analyzed using the design-expert software, and the relationship between each impacting factor and the testing in-dex was also analyzed. The results showed that the main and secondary factors affecting the picking-up rate were position of the picking drum and the advancing speed of the machine, and that the factor affecting the separation rate mostly was the speed of film transporta-tion followed by rotating speed of the impurity conveyer. The transport efficiency was affected mostly by the rotational speed of the im-purity conveyer, followed by location of the pick-up drum, speed of the film-conveyer and advancing speed of the machine. The regres-sion model was optimized with multiple objectives, and the optimal working parameters for the cleaning system are: Advancing speed of the machine and equipment: 1.26 m/s, speed of the film transporter: 1.55 m/s, position of the pick-up drum:-17 mm (taking the cen-ter of the hole in the supporter and the center of the picking-drum in the vertical direction as the origin, adjusting 17 mm to the forward direction of the machine), speed of the secondary impurity conveyer: 205 r/min. Calculated using these optimal parameters, the pick-up rate of the film residuals was 90.19%, the separation rate of the film residuals from the impurities was 92.21%, the impurity transport ef-ficiency was 89.6%. We verified these against field experiments, and the results showed that the picking-up rate was 91.54%, the separa-tion rate was 90.37%, and impurity transport efficiency was 88.4%. This paper offers references to improving quality of the cleaning sys-tem in plastic-film pick-up machine.关键词
农业机械/优化/作业参数/残膜回收/膜杂分离/响应曲面Key words
agricultural machinery/optimization/working parameters/residual film recovery/plastic film impurity separation/response sur-face分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蒋德莉,陈学庚,颜利民,莫毅松,杨松梅,王昭宇..随动式残膜回收机清杂系统作业参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(19):1-10,10.基金项目
农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503105) （201503105）
