农业工程学报2019，Vol.35Issue(19)：37-45,9.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.19.005
鼹鼠多趾结构特征仿生旋耕刀设计与试验
Design and experiment of biomimetic rotary tillage blade based on multiple claws characteristics of mole rats
摘要
Abstract
Rotary cultivator is a primary cultivating machine in many countries. It can efficiently complete the operations of soil mixing, turning, pulverizing, puddling and leveling, and thereby create good seedbeds for crop growing, while it is always chal-lenged by the large power requirement. Therefore, it is urgent to need some methods to solve these problems. The proper optimi-zation of rotary tillage blade geometry could help to reduce the power requirement and improve the tillage quality. Mole rats have the outstanding digging performance, and their multi-claw combination and the contour curves of claw tips would inspire the de-velopment of new efficient rotary tillage blade. By the observation and measurement, it was found that multi-claw combination was a kind of combined narrow tooth structure, and quadratic gauss equation could accurately fit the contour curves of the five claw tips (R2>0.95 and SSE<0.05). Based on these characteristics of the multi-claw combination and the contour curves of claw tips of mole rats, the bionic rotary tillage blade was designed for reducing the tilth torque and power. And the field test was con-ducted at different forward velocities, rotary speeds and tillage depths for obtaining the power and tillage quality of the bionic ro-tary tillage blade. The conventional blade was as the control group for comparing the results with the bionic blade. Results showed that on average, the power of the bionic rotary blade cultivator was reduced by 16.88% when the forward velocity in-creased from 1 km/h to 5 km/h, and the power of the bionic rotary blade cultivator was decreased by 17.00% with the rotary speed increasing from 254 r/min to 267 r/min, then the power of the bionic rotary blade cultivator was diminished by 21.80% with tillage depth increasing from 80 mm to 160 mm. Especially, the bionic rotary cultivator could significantly reduce the risk of smearing on the furrow bottom, form a flat furrow bottom and achieve a lower power requirement result. On the contrary, the con-ventional blade had a little poor tillage quality. All of these were due to the better penetration and sliding cutting performances of the claw tips and the smaller soil failure wedge produced by the multi-claw combination. Moreover, the field tillage performance of the bionic rotary blade cultivator including ratio of soil breakage the depth stability, stability of tillage width, vegetation cover-age, soil surface flatness after tillage and soil looseness, had no big differences with those of the conventional blade, and all these met the requirements of the national standard of China. In sum, the bionic geometries had an important role on the torque and power reduction of rotary tillage blades; further, they also could improve the tillage performance.关键词
农业机械/仿生/多趾组合/趾尖轮廓曲线/旋耕刀/设计/田间试验Key words
agricultural machinery/bionic/multi-claw combination/contour curve of claw tip/rotary tillage blade/design/field test分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨玉婉,佟金,马云海,蒋啸虎,李金光..鼹鼠多趾结构特征仿生旋耕刀设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(19):37-45,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(51505184) （51505184）
国家重点研发计划目项(2017YFD0701103) （2017YFD0701103）
中国博士后面上项目(801161040414) （801161040414）
高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B16020):中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(Z1090219181) （B16020）
