农业工程学报2019，Vol.35Issue(19)：245-251,7.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2019.19.030
日光温室薄膜清洗机设计及清洗效果试验
Design of film cleaning machine for solar greenhouse and its cleaning effect
摘要
Abstract
In view of the current low efficiency and difficulty of cleaning solar greenhouses in China, a semi-automatic solar greenhouse film cleaning machine was developed. The whole machine includes cleaning and walking parts. The cleaning part mainly includes DC motor, two sets of different reduction ratio reducers, cleaning brush and support rollers. The cleaning part is the core of the solar green-house cleaning machine. Under the forward rotation of the cleaning motor, the cleaning shaft is rotated at a high speed to drive the clean-ing brush to complete the cleaning of the surface of the film. On the other hand, the climbing shaft is rotated by the speed reduction mechanism, thereby the entire cleaning section is climbed around the shaft by the pressing film ropes. The water spray pipe at the top of the cleaning part sprays water to the front of the cleaning brush, wets the film when it rises, and rinses the film when it is lowered, ensur-ing the cleaning effect and the cleanliness of the film after washing. The walking part mainly includes: a walking chassis, a motor drive axle, a support wheel, a guide wheel, an armrest, and a cleaning part placement platform. The walking chassis is equipped with a guide wheel to ensure that the walking part moves straight. The upper-end surface of the chassis is also equipped with a cleaning part place-ment platform, which adopts an eccentric structure design to ensure that the walking part is away from the film when the cleaning device is displaced; when the cleaning part enters the placement platform, the walking part fits the greenhouse keel to ensure smooth operation and improve work safety. From August 2018 to January 2019, the prototype was debugged and tested in the Science and Technology In-novation Park of Shandong Agricultural University. The solar greenhouse was a brick wall structure with a length of 40 m in East and west, a span of 10 m in North and south, and a ridge height of 5 m. Three greenhouses were used for different stages of experiments. The film cleaning performance test was carried out, and the influence of different cleaning parameters on the cleaning effect was ana-lyzed. The results showed that the length of the cleaning brush can be set to 3 cm for the film used for three months; the reasonable speed range for the cleaning brush is 150-300 r/min. The cleaning requirement can be met for single-pass cleaning, the water pressure was 0.08 MPa, the flow rate was 3.5 L/min, and the double-pass cleaning the pressure was 0.05 MPa and the flow rate was 2 L/min. Af-ter using a new film for 3 months under natural conditions, the instantaneous transmittance of the film after cleaning was up to 90%, which was 15 percentage points higher than that without cleaning the film. The average light transmission period from 09:00 to 15:00 during the test period can be increased by 12 percentage points, and the stronger the outdoor light, the more obvious the transmittance is increased. The use of the device improves the cleaning efficiency of the solar greenhouse film and improves the illumination conditions in the shed and reducing the labor intensity.关键词
日光温室/薄膜/清洗机/薄膜透光率Key words
solar greenhouse/film/cleaning machine/film transmittance分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李天华,陈大军,魏珉,施国英,张观山,周凯..日光温室薄膜清洗机设计及清洗效果试验[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(19):245-251,7.基金项目
山东省重点研发计划(公益类专项)项目(2018GNC 112002) （公益类专项）
山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目 （）
山东省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜产业创新团队项目(SDAIT-05-11) （SDAIT-05-11）
国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23-XX). （CARS-23-XX）
