长江科学院院报2019，Vol.36Issue(12)：28-35,8.DOI:10.11988/ckyyb.20190134
三种土壤质地工程堆积体坡面流速及产沙特征
Characteristic of Flow Velocity and Sediment Yielding on Engineering Accumulations Slope with Three Soil Textures
摘要
Abstract
The process of velocity and sediment yielding on engineering accumulations slope are different from tradi-tional due to differences in soil textures and mass fraction of gravel in production and construction projects. In this paper we examined the characteristic of flow velocity and sediment yielding on engineering accumulations with three soil textures (sandy soil, loam, and clay) via artificial simulation experiments. Results showed that: (1) Flow ve-locity increased at first within 3 minutes after the beginning of the runoff and then stabilized. (2) For sandy soil ac-cumulations,erosion mainly occurred in the middle and late stages of runoff at small rainfall intensity; for loam, in the early and middle stages; and for clay accumulations, throughout the whole runoff process. The accumulative sediment yielding 21 minutes after runoff beginning accounted for 52. 3%-95. 6%,29. 6%-44. 9%, and 42. 1%- 50. 0% of the total erosion amount of sand, loam and clay accumulations. (3) Significant correlations were found with runoff rate, infiltration rate, velocity, and sediment yielding rate against runoff time and rainfall intensity. E-rosion amount increased by 1. 2-39. 8 times as rainfall intensity increased 1. 5-2. 0 times. Erosion amount for sandy accumulations was 6. 0-6. 3 times that of loam accumulations, 3. 2-3. 5 times that of clay accumulations under the same rainfall intensity, and 5. 0-9. 8 times and 2. 7-3. 8 times those of loam and clay accumulations with the same mass fraction of gravel. The research findings are of great significance for clarifying the mechanism of erosion process of engineering accumulations, and lay a foundation for establishing the erosion prediction model for engineering accumulations.关键词
工程堆积体/产沙/流速/砾石质量分数/土壤质地Key words
engineering accumulations/sediment yielding/flow velocity/mass fraction of gravel/soil textures分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李建明,王一峰,张长伟,王文龙,黄金权,王志刚,张冠华,白芸..三种土壤质地工程堆积体坡面流速及产沙特征[J].长江科学院院报,2019,36(12):28-35,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41701316,41877082,41761062) （41701316,41877082,41761062）
国家重点研发计划重点专项(YS2016YFSF030019) （YS2016YFSF030019）
水利部技术示范项目(SF201806) （SF201806）
长江科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(CKSF2019179/TB,CKSF2019176/TB,CKSF2019248/TB) （CKSF2019179/TB,CKSF2019176/TB,CKSF2019248/TB）
