古脊椎动物学报2022，Vol.60Issue(1)：1-28,28.DOI:10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.211026
柴达木盆地上新世伍氏献文鱼(Cyprinidae:Schizothoracinae)形态学再研究
Revisit of Hsianwenia wui (Cyprinidae:Schizothoracinae)from the Pliocene of Qaidam Basin
摘要
Abstract
The Qaidam Basin is a key area for understanding the paleoenvironmental and faunal history of the Tibetan Plateau.The fossil schizothoracine fish,Hsianwenia wui,evolved extraordinarily thickened bones to adapt to the aridification of the Qaidam Basin during the Pliocene.However,the nature of the bone thickening itself remains elusive.To promote the further investigation of the physiological mechanism of the pachyostosis and the phylogenetic interrelationships of Hsianwenia and all relevant cyprinids,here we present a comprehensive morphological study of Hsianwenia.We have new information on the anterior part of the cranial cavity,a large supraneural 3 in the Weberian apparatus,numerous procurrent caudal fin rays supported by the preural centrum (Pu) 5,and a neural arch on Pu2.We also find the differentiated pattern of the bone-thickening:the pachyostosis exists in the endoskeleton but not in the dermal skeleton;it is more obvious in ventral bones than in dorsal ones,when the thickening is present in the dorsally and ventrally grouped endoskeletal bones (e.g.,the epineural and epipleural intermuscular bones).Considering the integrity of musculoskeletal system manipulating the chewing activities,we suspect that the thickened pharyngeal jaws and the hard food processing might be associated with the unique hind protrusion cleithral "humeral" process) of the dermal pectoral girdle of Hsianwenia.关键词
柴达木盆地/上新世/伍氏献文鱼/形态学/骨肥厚/咀嚼系统和匙骨"肩突"Key words
Qaidam Basin/Pliocene/Hsianwenia wui/morphology/differential skeletal thickening/chewing system and cleithral humeral process分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
毕黛冉,吴飞翔,王宁,张弥曼,房庚雨..柴达木盆地上新世伍氏献文鱼(Cyprinidae:Schizothoracinae)形态学再研究[J].古脊椎动物学报,2022,60(1):1-28,28.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(批准号:41872006)、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDB26000000,XDA20070203)、第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(编号:2019QZKK0705)和北京师范大学青年学者项目(王宁)资助.Heartfelt thanks go to He Dekui,Chen Gengjiao,Qu Qingming,Li Qiang,Zhu Youan for constructive discussions and Miao Desui for stylistic improvement of the manuscript.We thank Chen Gengjiao and Zhang Jiangyong for revising the manuscript.This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41872006),the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)(XDB26000000,XDA20070203),Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Grant (2019QZKK0705),and the Youth Scholars Program of Beijing Normal University to N.Wang. （批准号:41872006）
