气象学报2022，Vol.80Issue(5)：701-720,20.DOI:10.11676/qxxb2022.049
厄尔尼诺次年夏季中国地区云的变化特征及其与降水的关系
Variation characteristics of clouds and their relationship with precipitation over China in El Ni?o decaying summers
摘要
Abstract
Based on various datasets, including observations of ground stations and satellites in China from 1961 to 2010, the variation characteristics of clouds and different types of precipitation over China were analysed in the decaying summers of two types of El Ni?o events (eastern Pacific El Ni?o and central Pacific El Ni?o), and the complex relationship between the variation characteristics of clouds and total precipitation anomalies was discussed. The results demonstrate that the anomalies of total cloud amount and low cloud amount in El Ni?o decaying summers are about the same as those of precipitation based on station observations. Low cloud forms such as cumulonimbus, nimbostratus, and stratocumulus have become more common. A significant positive correlation exists between cloud amount anomalies and precipitation anomalies over China. At stations where the positive correlation passes the significance test, the linear relationship between cloud amount anomalies and precipitation anomalies is clear and also passes the significance test. In the meantime, the growing ratios of total cloud amount and low cloud amount to precipitation are close to 1:3 and 1:1, respectively. Variations in cloud amounts of high cloud and deep convective cloud, cloud optical thickness and cloud water path are positively correlated with precipitation anomalies based on station records. Convective precipitation anomalies, which account for up to 80% of total precipitation in the regions south of the Yellow River, are the major cause of fluctuation in total precipitation. Low clouds are a good predictor of precipitation in eastern China. The fluctuation of convective precipitation is primarily responsible for the anomalies of total precipitation in southern China in El Ni?o decaying summers, and the abnormal increases in convective precipitation are directly associated with anomalous increases in deep convective clouds. An El Ni?o event can boost convective activities in China′s monsoon zone in the subsequent summer. Specifically, it leads to increases in deep convective cloud amount and thickness of cloud layer and promotes upward development of cloud top. These effects eventually increase convective precipitation and result in the formation of abnormal rain band.关键词
厄尔尼诺事件/夏季降水/云/相关关系/线性关系Key words
El Niño/Summer precipitation/Cloud/Correlation/Linear relationship分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
彭艳玉,刘煜,郜倩倩..厄尔尼诺次年夏季中国地区云的变化特征及其与降水的关系 [J].气象学报,2022,80(5):701-720,20.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFA0603501）。 （）
