山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）2023，Vol.43Issue(6)：1-9,9.DOI:10.13842/j.cnki.issn1671-8151.202305041
矮牵牛初级三体创制、细胞学观察及生理特性
Primordial trisomy creation,cytology observation,and physiological characteristics of Petunia hybrida Vilm
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Primary trisomics is an essential genetic research materials.This study aimed to create a primary trisomics of petunia(Petunia hybrida Vilm)and conducted related cytological and physiological studies.[Methods]In this study,the white variety diploid and triploid of petunia were used as materials.Two primary trisomies,designated as No.6 and No.7,were selected from the progenies of the backcross between triploid and diploid through chromosome counting and karyotype analysis.Comparative observations of agronomic traits and determination of pollen fertility were conducted with diploid as the control.Meiosis of the primary triploid pollen mother cells was observed at different stages using conventional meiotic division compression method.Physiological indicators including chlorophyll content,cell membrane permeability,malondialdehyde content,superoxide dismutase activity,and peroxidase activity were determined under drought stress conditions for both prima-ry triploids and diploid.The average membership function values was calculated for comparative analysis of drought tolerance.[Results]The results showed that:(1)Compared with diploid,the primary trisomy plant exhibited smaller stature and weaker growth,especially the No.6 primary trisomy displaying the most noticeable difference,and the edge undulation of the petals of the No.7 primary trisomy was not obvious.The pollen sterility rate for No.7 primary trisomy was 16.3％,while for No.6 primary trisomy,it was 41.6％,far higher than the diploid's 8.5％.(2)The meiosis of primary trisomy was generally nor-mal,following the typical pattern of diploid plant meiosis.(3)During drought stress treatment,chlorophyll degradation in both primary triploids was faster than in the diploid.the degradation rate of chlorophyll of the two primary trisomies was greater than that of diploid.No.6 primary trisomy showed the most significant increase in relative conductivity and malondialdehyde con-tent,followed by No.7 primary trisomy,with the diploid exhibiting the lowest.Superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity showed a gradual increase,with the diploid exhibiting the most significant increase in enzyme activity,followed by No.7 pri-mary trisomy,and No.6 primary trisomy showing the least increase.The ranking for drought tolerance calculated by the aver-age membership function value was diploid＞No.7 primary trisomy＞No.6 primary trisomy.[Conclusion]Studies indicated that utilizing the backcross between triploids and diploid was an effective way for creating petunia primary trisomy.Compared to the diploid,the primary trisomy showed reduced growth,increased pollen sterility,and decreased drought stress tolerance.Notably,the No.6 primary trisomy showed more significant changes compared to the No.7 primary trisomy.关键词
矮牵牛/细胞学/减数分裂/花粉不育率/干旱胁迫Key words
Petunias/Cytology/Meiosis/Pollen infertility rate/Drought stress分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
贾思振,叶丹,刘飞琴,吴欢乐,魏跃..矮牵牛初级三体创制、细胞学观察及生理特性[J].山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2023,43(6):1-9,9.基金项目
江苏农林职业技术学院科技项目(2022kj45) （2022kj45）
