地质学报2023，Vol.97Issue(11)：3569-3603,中插11-中插25,50.DOI:10.19762/j.cnki.dizhixuebao.2023037
中国伴生铟(镉镓锗)矿床的时空分布、成因类型及成矿机制:总结与展望
Temporal and spatial distribution,genetic type,and metallogenic mechanism of indium(gallium,germanium,cadmium)associated deposits in China:Overview and expectation
摘要
Abstract
Indium(In)is an important strategic mineral in short supply in the 21st century,which is of great significance to national stability,development and improvement of international competitiveness.China has the most abundant indium resources in the world,but no independent deposit of indium has been discovered.There are 57 associated indium deposits,which have the potential of cadmium(Cd),gallium(Ga)and germanium(Ge).Based on a detailed review of the regional distribution,genetic types,formation ages,indium-bearing minerals,independent indium minerals and enrichment regularity of 57 associated indium deposits,we summarized the research status and development direction of indium mineralization.The indium-bearing deposits are highly concentrated in the eastern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and South China.There are seven genetic types,including skarn type,magma-hydrothermal type,marine volcanic-rock type,continental volcanic-rock type,superimposed(composite/modified)type,porphyry type,and metamorphosed type.Indium is mainly hosted in sphalerite without exception,and is recycled as by-product.85％of the indium-bearing deposits were formed in the Mesozoic,with a small number of deposits in the Paleogene and pre-Mesozoic.At present,19 indium independent minerals have been discovered,only 5 indium independent minerals were found in China.Roquesite(CuInS2)is the most common indium independent mineral that has been found in our country,other indium independent minerals such as natural indium and hydroxindium(InSb)are reported to occur only in specific associated indium deposits.At present,the skarn associated indium deposits,which are located in the southwestern margin of the Yangtze block,get more attention than other deposits.The research of the other six deposit types scattered throughout other areas were studied less.This is a limit not only to understand the indium enrichment mechanism,but also to find out new indium resources.Therefore,it is urgent to strengthen the detailed study of typical associated indium deposits and establish a more detailed database.关键词
中国伴生铟矿床/时空规律/成因类型/载铟矿物/铟富集规律Key words
Chinese indium-bearing deposit/temporal and spatial distribution/genetic types/indium-bearing minerals/indium enrichment rule引用本文复制引用
郑义,郭春丽,王登红,赵汀,王岩..中国伴生铟(镉镓锗)矿床的时空分布、成因类型及成矿机制:总结与展望[J].地质学报,2023,97(11):3569-3603,中插11-中插25,50.基金项目
本文为国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点支持项目(编号92162210)、国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号42172096)和中国地质调查局二级项目(编号DD20221695,1212011220807,DD20190613)联合资助的成果. （编号92162210）
