地质学报2023，Vol.97Issue(11)：3786-3801,16.DOI:10.19762/j.cnki.dizhixuebao.2023021
铬铁矿地球物理勘探:回顾与展望
Geophysical exploration for chromite deposits:Review and prospects
摘要
Abstract
Chromite is the only mineral that is a commercial natural source of chrome.Chromite deposits are subdivided into podiform and stratiform(layered)types based on the geometry of the ore bodies and their host rocks.The podiform chromite deposits are always developed in ophiolite complex.Geophysical exploration for podiform chromite deposits is difficult as these chromite deposits do not manifest significant geophysical anomalies.In addition,most of the podiform chromite ore bodies are small scale,they pinch out and then reappear in the host rocks.Geophysical studies for hunting the chromite deposits started around 1920s.A great number of exploration projects have been carried out between 1940s and 1980s.Geophysical approaches such as gravity,magnetic,and electromagnetic methods have been employed in chromite exploration in different survey scales.The largest podiform chromite deposit has been discovered in Kempirsai,Urals.Smaller concealed podiform chromite deposits have been found by geophysical exploration in Turkey,Greece,China and other countries as well.In the past two decades,high-precision miniaturized instruments and integrated geophysical prospecting have been widely used in chromite exploration.Comprehensive geophysical exploration using audio magnetotellurics,gravity and magnetic methods have been applied in Luobusa,southern of the Tibet Plateau,and discovered the largest and highest-grade chromite deposit in China till date.In this study,we reviewed the history and the state of the art of the chromite geophysical exploration.We summarize the rock-physical properties,geophysical approaches of chromite deposits explorations,the applications and challenges of gravity,magnetic and electromagnetic exploration for chromite deposits.Finally,we prospected the application of the emerging geophysics approaches such as the tensor CSAMT,magnetic amplitude inversion,hyper-spectral remote sensing,high-density IP and UAV used for the chromite deposits geophysical exploration.关键词
铬铁矿/地球物理勘探/发展历程/岩石物理/重磁勘探/电磁法勘探Key words
chromite deposits/geophysical exploration/state of the art/rock physics/gravity and magnetic exploration/electromagnetic exploration引用本文复制引用
何兰芳,李亮,刘鸿飞,陈凌,肖八一,王绪本,陈儒军,姚红春,秦克章..铬铁矿地球物理勘探:回顾与展望[J].地质学报,2023,97(11):3786-3801,16.基金项目
本文为第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究专项(编号2019QZKK0801)、国家自然科学基金项目(编号41774083)和岩石圈演化国家重点实验室(专201603)联合资助的成果. （编号2019QZKK0801）
