山东农业科学2023，Vol.55Issue(11)：128-137,10.DOI:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2023.11.019
水肥优化配施腐解剂对小麦-玉米轮作体系土壤养分含量和作物产量的影响
Effects of Optimal Water and Fertilizer Management Combined with Straw-Decomposing Agent on Soil Nutrient Content and Crop Yield in Wheat-Maize Rotation System
摘要
Abstract
The experiment was conducted under the condition of returning all the straw into the field.Wheat variety'Yannong 24'and maize variety'Zhengdan 958'were used as experimental materials.With farmers'conventional water and fertilizer management(flood irrigation+conventional fertilization)as control(CK),five treatments including conventional water and fertilizer management with decomposing agent(CKD),optimal water and fertilizer management Ⅰ(drip irrigation+slow and controlled release fertilizer,SS),optimal water and fertilizer management Ⅰ with decomposing agent(SSD),optimal water and fertilizer management Ⅱ(integrated water and fertilizer,SF)and optimal water and fertilizer management Ⅱ with de-composing agent(SFD)were set to study the effects of optimal water and fertilizer management combined with straw-decomposing agent on soil nutrients and crop yield in wheat-maize rotation system.The results were as follows.In maize season,the content of soil available nutrients under each treatment showed an irregular fluc-tuation trend,and topdressing at flare opening stage effectively alleviated the decline of soil nutrients and maintained soil fertility.In wheat season,the content of available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium de-creased gradually with the advance of growth period.At maturity stage,SSD and SFD treatments significantly increased the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus in 0～20-cm soil layer in corn sea-son by 27.9%and 35.9%,12.5%and 19.5%compared with SS and SF treatments,respectively.The maize yield of CKD treatment was the highest as 10.0 t/hm2,followed by SFD and SF treatments,which significantly increased by 16.3%,11.6%and 9.3%compared with CK,respectively.The wheat yield of SFD treatment was the highest as 8.6 t/hm2,followed by SS and SF treatments,which significantly increased by 19.4%,18.1%and 15.3%compared with CK,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the maize yield was significantly negatively correlated with the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus in 0～20-cm soil layer at seedling stage and 20～40-cm soil layer at maturity stage,but significantly positively correlated with the content of available potassium in 20～40-cm soil layer at flare opening stage and 0～20-cm soil layer at filling stage.The wheat yield was mainly correlated with the soil available nutrients at reviving stage.In sum-mary,under the same water and fertilizer management,combined application of decomposing agent could help maintain the content of soil available nutrients,and had positive effects on the yield of wheat and maize.In maize season,the content of soil available nutrients was higher under SS and SFD treatments.In wheat season,the content of soil available nutrients was higher under SSD treatment.The yield of maize under CKD treat-ment,and that of wheat under SFD treatment were higher.关键词
水肥优化管理/秸秆腐解剂/土壤养分/作物产量Key words
Optimal water and fertilizer management/Straw-decomposing agent/Soil nutrients/Crop yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘蕊,曹议丹,钱麟君,邹晓霞..水肥优化配施腐解剂对小麦-玉米轮作体系土壤养分含量和作物产量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2023,55(11):128-137,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目"协同增效氮磷淋失阻控综合技术模式研究与应用"(2017YFD0800605) （2017YFD0800605）
