Abstract
Touch and close fasteners,also known as velcro,snap fastener,etc.,are a kind of textile with good fixing effect,with the advantages of easy use,easy adjustment,etc.They are one of the best alternatives to the traditional fixing method(buttons,zippers,etc.),and are widely used in clothing,shoes,bags,automotive interior and other fields.At present,the touch and close fasteners on the market are mainly divided into woven touch and close fasteners,knitted touch and close fasteners and injection touch and close fasteners,with the main raw materials being polyester and nylon and other chemical fibers.Flame retardant,antibacterial,acid proof,waterproof,yellow resistance and other functions can enrich the use of touch and close fasteners,to meet their various complex use environment.However,as a kind of textile,they are difficult to recycle,and a large number of waste touch and close fasteners are generated every year,which will seriously affect the ecological environment and economic benefits.Using poly lactic acid(PLA)fibers as the raw material to make fasteners can solve the problems that traditional fasteners are difficult to recover,difficult to handle and pollute the environment.PLA is derived from renewable resources(such as rice,corn and wheat),and is biodegradable to produce water and carbon dioxide.PLA products can be recycled as raw materials for weaving lactic acid polymers,and can also be used as fuel to be burnt for power generation.Compared with polyester,nylon and other chemical fibers,the release of CO2 is significantly less.However,due to its inherent chemical composition and molecular structure,PLA is still a flammable material.The flammability and dripping of PLA limit the application of PLA touch and close fasteners in clothing and functional textiles(such as upholstery and curtains,and automotive industry).
To improve the flame-retardant performance of PLA touch and close fasteners on one side,based on the characteristics of PLA fibers and the production process of touch and close fasteners,the flame-retardant finishing process of PLA touch and close fasteners was studied from the perspective of environmental protection.First,the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant with a low toxicity,low smoke and high flame retarding efficiency was used to modify the PLA touch and close fasteners by dipping baking method.Orthogonal tests were designed to analyze the effects of flame-retardant concentration,impregnation temperature and impregnation time on the flame retardancy of PLA touch and close fasteners.A three-level and three-factor orthogonal test was designed by means of the range analysis method,which took the average damage length,follow-fire time and smoldering time as evaluation indexes.It is found that the main and secondary factors affecting the flame retardancy of touch and close fasteners are as follows:flame-retardant concentration＞impregnation time＞impregnation temperature.When the flame-retardant concentration reaches grade 3,and the impregnation time and impregnation temperature reach grade 2,the flame-retardant effect is the best.On this basis,the effects of the baking time and temperature on the flame-retardant properties of touch and close fasteners were discussed through single factor optimization experiment.Second,the effect of different flame retardants on the flame retardancy of the touch and close fasteners was discussed,and the optimum process conditions for the flame retardancy of the touch and close fasteners were obtained.On this basis,the mechanical properties and washable resistance of the flame-retardant PLA touch and close fastener straps were analyzed.It was found that the optimum impregnation conditions of flame retardant are as follows:the amount of flame retardant LW92/50 is 250 g/L,the bath ratio is 1∶30,the mass fraction of flame retardant is 18％,the impregnation time and temperature are 2 h and 60 ℃,the baking temperature is 130 ℃,and the baking time is 180 s.The damage length is 8.6 cm;then the flame-retardant glue with a mass fraction of 18％is coated,and the damage length of the PLA touch and close fastener is only 5.2 cm,which can meet the needs of use.
The relationship between dip baking flame-retardant finishing conditions and gluing flame-retardant finishing conditions and flame-retardant properties of poly lactic acid touch and close fasteners was studied,which could provide inspiration for the research and development of flame-retardant touch and close fasteners of PLA.From the perspective of product application,when the touch and close fasteners are used as software fasteners in transportation,packaging,clothing(fire clothing,laboratory clothing,medical clothing)and other fields,they are expected to effectively reduce safety hazards,and will not cause pollution to the environment after waste.The research results can provide reference for the design and development of flame-retardant and environment-friendly touch and close velcros.关键词
PLA/粘扣带/钩圈同面/阻燃整理/阻燃性能/上胶整理/剪切强度/剥离强度Key words
PLA/velcro/touch and close fasteners on one side/flame-retardant finishing/flame-retardant property/gluing finish/shear strength/peel strength分类
轻工纺织
