水利学报2023，Vol.54Issue(11)：1309-1322,14.DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20230053
金沙江下游流域水沙格局变化研究
Study on the spatial-temporal variations of runoff and sediment in the lower reach of Jinsha River
摘要
Abstract
The variations of the runoff and sediment have a great impact on deposition process and the optimal oper-ation of the large cascade reservoirs in the lower reach of the Jinsha River(LJR).Along with the construction of the large cascade reservoirs,the patterns(space-time)of runoff and sediment have changed significantly in the LJR.Based on the observed hydrological data of main stream and tributaries in the LJR over the years,the variation process of the runoff and sediment were analyzed and the patterns of the runoff and sediment in different periods were proposed.In terms of time line,the annual variations of the runoff coming from the Jinsha River stem,the main tributaries of Yalong River,Longchuan River and Niulan River,as well as the other small tributaries were not remarkable;while the sediment load variation trends of the above-mentioned three source parts were declined significantly,obviously and not so obviously,respectively.In terms of distribution,the proportions of the runoff in the Jinsha River stem,the largest tributaries Yalong River and other tributaries changed little in different periods around 46％,45％ and 9％;while the proportions of the sediment load in these regions changed significantly in different periods.Before 1999,the proportion of the sediment load in the Jinsha River,the Yalong River and other small tributaries were 40％,36％and 24％;after Ertan Reservoir constructed,which located in Yalong River,from 1999 to 2010,the proportions changed to 61％,13％ and 26％,respectively;while,after the cascade res-ervoirs in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River constructed from 2013-2020,the proportions were 16％,31％and 53％,respectively.Furthermore,separating the unobserved area as independent region as concerning,there were no significant changes for the incoming runoff of the LJR neither in different periods of the large reservoirs con-structed in the main stream and its tributaries,nor in the distributions of Jinsha River,Yalong River,other tribu-taries and unobserved area,the proportions of which were around 40％,40％,9％and 11％,respectively.On the contrary,the incoming sediment load distribution changes remarkably in different period.Before the reservoirs constructed in 2013,the proportions of the sediment load in the Jinsha River,the Yalong River,other tributaries and the unobserved areas were around 21％,19％,12％ and 48％.While owing to the reservoir sediment retention of middle Jinsha River,97％ of the sediment load comes from the both sides of the LJR catchment,including 82％from unobserved areas and 15％ from the main tributaries.It should be draw the conclusion that,currently,the sediment from the unobserved areas is the main source of sediment at present in the lower reach of Jinsha River.关键词
金沙江下游/水沙格局/未控区间/水库拦沙Key words
lower reach of Jinsha River(LJR)/runoff and sediment patterns/unobserved areas/reservoirs sedi-ment retention分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
谢益芹,邓安军,董先勇,秦蕾蕾,张帮稳..金沙江下游流域水沙格局变化研究[J].水利学报,2023,54(11):1309-1322,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U2040217,52209104) （U2040217,52209104）
水利部泥沙科学与北方河流治理重点实验室开放研究基金项目(IWHR-JH-2020-A-05) （IWHR-JH-2020-A-05）
水利部水旱防御战略创新团队科研项目(WH0145B042021) （WH0145B042021）
