水利学报2023，Vol.54Issue(11)：1359-1370,12.DOI:10.13243/j.cnki.slxb.20230120
生态输水工程对水系连通的多维影响:以塔里木河为例
Multi-dimensional response of hydrological connectivity to ecological water conveyance project
摘要
Abstract
On the one hand,the ecological water conveyance project solves the problem of uneven distribution of water resources in time and space;on the other hand,it changes the natural connection status of the water system.This paper constructed a hydrological connectivity evaluation system from three dimensions:morphology,structure and function.The hydrological connectivity of upstream,midstream and downstream in the mainstream of Tarim River are evaluated before and after the implementation of the ecological water conveyance project.The calculation results of the integrated hydrological connectivity index indicated that the connectivity of the upstream and mid-stream,of the Tarim River increased first and then became stable.Before the implementation of the ecological water conveyance project,the hydrological connectivity index of the downstream showed a downward trend due to the cut off.Since the implementation of the ecological water conveyance project the downstream hydrological connectivity in-dex began to rise,with the morphological and structural connectivity index responding more quickly,while the func-tional connectivity index responded more slowly.In terms of trends,the hydrological connectivity index did not con-tinue to rise,but had a certain threshold value.The results of morphological connectivity showed that after imple-mentation of the ecological water conveyance project the large continuous water patches converted into small frag-mented water patches in upstream and midstream,and large area water patches increased in downstream.In terms of structural connectivity,the duration of hydrological connectivity was prolonged,especially in downstream.In the early stage of the ecological water conveyance project,the water area decreased in upstream and midstream but increased in downstream.The total water area increased in the later stage of the ecological water conveyance pro-ject.The area of continuously and periodically connected water area in upstream and midstream decreased,while that in downstream increased significantly(by 11％ and 6％ respectively).In terms of functional connectivity,the upstream and midstream were dominated by provisioning and supporting functions.After the implementation of the ecological water conveyance project,provisioning and supporting functions gradually increased and the proportion of the four functions became balanced in downstream.There was a positive correlation between the ecological water conveyance volume and each dimensional hydrological connectivity index.The morphological connectivity index was most sensitive to the changes in the water conveyance volume,followed by the structural and functional connectivity indexes.Obviously,the ecological water conveyance project has positive benefits for the improvement of the hydro-logical connectivity in the mainstream of Tarim River.This study can provide technical support for the ecological water conveyance practice.关键词
水系连通/生态输水/生态系统服务/塔里木河Key words
hydrological connectivity/ecological water conveyance project/ecosystem service value/Tarim River分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
胡瑞媛,畅建霞,邓铭江,周海鹰,郭爱军,王义民..生态输水工程对水系连通的多维影响:以塔里木河为例[J].水利学报,2023,54(11):1359-1370,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U2003204) （U2003204）
