中国全科医学2024，Vol.27Issue(7)：886-892,7.DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0583
我国不同场所老年人失能状况的差异化分析:基于23 922例老年人的调查研究
Differential Analysis of Disability in Different Settings in China:Based on a Survey of 23 922 Older Adults
摘要
Abstract
Background With the increasing of older adults with disability,it is urgent to understand the disability status of older adults in different settings and to improve the long-term care service model from professional institutions to communities and families.Objective To investigate the disability status of older adults in different settings(hospitals,nursing facilities,and communities),compare and analyze the differences in the disability status of the elderly in different settings.Methods The multi-stage sampling method was used in this study from January 2022 to January 2023.At the first stage,one or two provinces were conveniently selected in East China,South China,Central China,North China,and Southwest China;at the second stage,3 tertiary hospitals,2 secondary hospitals,2 community health centers,and 1 nursing facility were conveniently selected as the study sites in each province.Older adults in 27 tertiary hospitals,18 secondary hospitals,18 community health service centers,and 9 nursing facilities in 9 provinces and cities(Beijing,Hunan,Jiangsu,Guangdong,Fujian,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Guizhou,Hainan,and Sichuan)were finally included as study subjects.Barthel Index(BI)was used to evaluate basic activity of daily living(BADL).Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activity of Daily Living scale was used to evaluate instrumental activity of daily living(IADL).The Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of settings with BADL disability degree,IADL disability degree and functional disability in different aspects for older adults.Results A total of 27 344 questionnaires were collected and 23 922 were valid,with a valid recovery rate of 87.5%.There were 10 318 cases(43.1%)disabled in BADL,and the top three disabled BADL functions were bed-chair transfers,ascend and descend stairs,mobility on level surfaces.The incidence of BADL disability in various places was 29.0%in communities,74.9%in elderly care institutions,54.0%in secondary hospitals,and 44.6%in tertiary hospitals.Besides,19 200(80.3%)cases were disabled in IADL and the top three disabled IADL functions were mode of transportation,housekeeping and shopping.The incidence of IADL disability in various places was 74.6%in communities,96.4%in elderly care institutions,83.6%in secondary hospitals,and 81.1%in tertiary hospitals.Different settings were the influencing factor for the disability degree and functional disability types(P<0.05).Conclusion The status of disability of older adults in nursing institutions is most dismal,which were recommended to develop professional disability care services and improve the service capacity of practitioners.关键词
老年人/失能/日常生活活动能力/社区卫生服务/养老机构/医院Key words
Aged/Disability/Activity of daily living/Community health services/Nursing homes/Hospitals分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
孙可,孙超,郝金娟,许华钊,马燕,胡慧秀..我国不同场所老年人失能状况的差异化分析:基于23 922例老年人的调查研究[J].中国全科医学,2024,27(7):886-892,7.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2008500) （2020YFC2008500）
中国医学科学院临床与转化医学研究专项(2022-12M-C&T-B-110) （2022-12M-C&T-B-110）
中央高水平医院临床科研业务费资助(BJ-2019-194) （BJ-2019-194）
