表面技术2023，Vol.52Issue(12)：289-297,9.DOI:10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.12.024
超亲水-超疏油无机膜材料的制备及在油水分离中的应用
Preparation and Application of Superhydrophilic-superoleophobic Inorganic Membrane Materials in Oil-water Separation
摘要
Abstract
Oily wastewater has the characteristics of large amount of water,difficulty in separation,and will cause harm to the environment.Membrane separation is widely used in the treatment of oily wastewater due to its advantages of low energy consumption and simple operation.However,in a variety of oil-water separation membranes,the superhydrophilic-superoleophobic inorganic membrane materials have stronger pollution resistance and environmental tolerance,showing a better application prospect in oil-water separation. The work aims to introduce the theoretical basis for the preparation of superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic inorganic membrane materials in air and superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic inorganic membrane materials.Based on the selection of membrane materials,the preparation methods of superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic inorganic membrane materials in air and superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic inorganic membrane materials are systematically summarized.During the preparation of superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic inorganic membrane materials in air,fluorine-containing materials are mainly used and hydrophilic rough surface is constructed.Fluorine-containing materials reduce the dispersion component of the membrane surface energy to provide its hydrophobic properties,while most of the methods for constructing hydrophilic rough surface are to introduce hydrophilic nanoparticles to increase the polar component of the membrane surface energy to provide its hydrophilic properties.The hydrophilic nanoparticles are represented by TiO2,SiO2 and kaolin.The preparation of superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic inorganic membrane materials is mainly achieved through the construction of hydrophilic rough surface,and the material selection is usually based on hydrophilic polymers and hydrophilic nanoparticles.In the water environment,the modified membrane will absorb a large amount of water to the rough surface,thus reducing the contact area with the oil,lowering the adhesion of the oil,and achieving the effect of superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic. Superhydrophilic-superoleophobic inorganic membranes are mostly used in the environmental protection field of oily wastewater treatment and waste oil purification.In the past,in the separation of oil and water,most of the superoleophilic-superhydrophobic membranes were used.However,the treatment method of"oil-removing through water"adopted by superhydrophilic-superoleophobic in air and superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic inorganic membrane has the advantages of good oil resistance and high flux,so it will be better applied in the separation of oil and water.If a photocatalytic material such as titanium dioxide is added to the membrane,the intercepted oil droplets can also be purified. At last,some problems and shortcomings in the current research in this field are put forward,and the current research on the modification of superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic membrane in air and superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic membrane mostly focuses on organic materials such as fabric and sponge,while the research on inorganic materials mostly focuses on metal omentum,and the research on inorganic non-metallic membrane such as ceramic membrane is less.At the same time,although modified fluorine-containing materials have a good effect,they are not friendly to the environment,and the price is high.Therefore,they are not suitable for large-scale application.Future research may focus on the use of inorganic non-metallic membranes and green modified materials.In terms of oil-water separation,it is necessary to increase the research on the separation of oil-water emulsion by superhydrophilic-superoleophobic inorganic membrane.关键词
无机膜/超亲水-超疏油/超亲水-水下超疏油/含油废水/含氟材料/油水分离Key words
inorganic membrane/superhydrophilic-superoleophobic/superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic/oily wastewater/fluorine-containing materials/oil-water separation分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
蔡鑫宇,李莉,王金杰,李旋坤,刘阳,李光辉,饶品华..超亲水-超疏油无机膜材料的制备及在油水分离中的应用[J].表面技术,2023,52(12):289-297,9.基金项目
上海市地方院校能力建设项目(21010501400)Capacity Building Project of Some Local Colleges and Universities in Shanghai(21010501400) （21010501400）
