南方农业学报2023，Vol.54Issue(8)：2195-2206,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2023.08.001
深耕对烤烟产量产值及根际土壤微环境的影响
Effects of deep tillage on the yield and production value of flue-cured tobacco and its rhizosphere soil microenvironment
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This paper explored the impact of deep tillage cultivation on the yield and production value of flue-cured tobacco,as well as the characteristics of rhizosphere soil and the micro-ecosystem.The aim was to provide scien-tific evidence for the construction of a reasonable cultivation layer and the establishment of a high-quality and efficient cultivation system for flue-cured tobacco in the tobacco-growing areas of Fujian.[Method]The experiment included a con-trol of natural tillage depth of 15 cm + mid-tillage soil cultivation(CK),tillage depth of 20 cm + mid-tillage soil cultiva-tion(D1),tillage depth of 25 cm + mid-tillage soil cultivation(D2)and tillage depth of 25 cm + no mid-tillage soil culti-vation(D3)in the tobacco-growing areas of Fujian.The study compared and analyzed the differences in yield and produc-tion value of flue-cured tobacco and the physicochemical properties of the soil under different treatments.Additionally,the high-throughput sequencing technology Illumina MiSeq was used to systematically analyze the differences in microbial structure and functional diversity in the rhizosphere under the deep tillage treatments.Spearman correlation coefficient and the random forest model were utilized to evaluate the correlation between the rhizosphere microbial community,soil nutrients and flue-cured tobacco yield.[Result]Deep tillage could significantly increase the yield and production value of flue-cured tobacco(P<0.05,the same below).Among the treatments,the D2 treatment had the best effect in terms of yield and efficiency improvement,but the improvement between the D2 and D3 treatments was not significantly different(P>0.05,the same below).In terms of soil properties,all deep tillage treatments could significantly improve soil total po-rosity and capillary porosity compared with CK.The content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,urease,sucrase and catalase activities increased with the deepening of tillage depth.Appropriate deep tillage treatment could significantly increase the bacterial α diversity.The relative abundance of Chloroflexi and Burkholderia increased significantly under deep tillage,while the relative abundance of Rhodanobacter decreased significantly.The results of Bugbase phenotypic prediction showed that deep tillage treatment could significantly increase the abundance of aerobic bacteria and gram-negative bacte-ria in rhizosphere soil.D2 and D3 treatments could significantly increase the relative abundance of oxidative stress tolerant bacteria compared with D1 treatment.The results of FAPROTAX function prediction showed that each deep tillage treat-ment could significantly improve the relative abundance of nutrient cycling functions such as nitrogen fixation and cellu-lolysis compared with CK.The random forest model predicted that nitrogen fixation was the main factor affecting the yield formation of flue-cured tobacco.[Conclusion]Under the current trend of shallow cultivation layer in the tobacco-growing areas of Fujian,moderate deep tillage(25 cm)has a positive effect on improving the rhizosphere micro-ecologi-cal environment of flue-cured tobacco.However,the mid-tillage soil cultivation before the vigorous growth stage of flue-cured tobacco under moderate deep tillage has no significant impact on the yield and production value of flue-cured tobacco.关键词
深耕/烤烟/根际土壤/高通量测序/随机森林模型Key words
deep tillage/flue-cured tobacco/rhizosphere soil/high-throughput sequencing/random forest model分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张汴泓,雷涵,李日坤,杨铭榆,潘睿欣,潘美清,王成己,唐莉娜,黄锦文..深耕对烤烟产量产值及根际土壤微环境的影响[J].南方农业学报,2023,54(8):2195-2206,12.基金项目
福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01467) （2021J01467）
中国烟草总公司福建省公司科技项目(2019350000240143) Fujian Natural Science Foundation(2021J01467) （2019350000240143）
Science and Technology Project of Fujian Branch of China National Tobacco Corporation(2019350000240143) （2019350000240143）
