河南农业科学2023，Vol.52Issue(12)：88-96,9.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.010
冻融农田氮磷养分流失阻控技术研究
Study on Resistance and Control Technology of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrient Loss in Freeze-Thaw Farmland
摘要
Abstract
In order to integrate and optimize the nutrient loss control technology model of freeze-thaw farmland in Northeast China,four treatments were set up in the experimental corn field in Northeast China from 2019 to 2020[plain land with straw crushing and deep tillage(T1);plain land without straw as a control(CK1);slope farmland with cross ridge planting,high stubble and straw returning and covering(T2);slope farmland with ridge planting,without straw as a control(CK2)],to carry out the study of nitrogen and phosphorus loss control technology.The results showed that except that the phosphorus loss of surface runoff water on sloping farmland mainly occured in freeze-thaw period,the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in all other treatments of soil erosion mainly occured in rainfall period.The amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil and water loss in plain farmland and sloping farmland controls was larger than that in the straw returning treatments,and nitrogen was the main one,with values of 10.18 kg/ha and 7.77 kg/ha respectively.The bulk density of the soil treated by resistance control technologies was less than that of the controls,while the natural water content,saturated water content and porosity of the soils were greater than those of the controls.The contents of total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,total phosphorus and available phosphorus in the soil were 9.24%,9.57%,26.99% and 42.94% higher than those in the control respectively in the plain land and 24.59%,56.07%,67.62% and 109.94% higher than those in the sloping farmland,but the significance was different.The overall performance trend was that the improvement effect of sloping farmland was better than that of plain farmland.To sum up,the technology of straw crushing and deep ploughing in plain land,and the technology of changing slope to horizontal ridge and straw returning mulching in sloping farmland can effectively control the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in freeze-thaw farmland,and the latter can improve the effect more obviously.关键词
冻融农田/淋溶水/径流水/土壤物理性质/氮磷/养分流失/阻控技术Key words
Freeze-thaw farmland/Leaching water/Runoff water/Physical property of soil/Nitrogen and phosphorus loss/Nutrient loss/Resistance and control technology分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张磊,武新娟,宋鹏慧,周双,王腾,张莉莉,谷学佳,王玉峰..冻融农田氮磷养分流失阻控技术研究[J].河南农业科学,2023,52(12):88-96,9.基金项目
黑龙江省农业科学院院级课题(2020FZJX037) （2020FZJX037）
