经济与管理研究2023，Vol.44Issue(12)：24-43,20.DOI:10.13502/j.cnki.issn1000-7636.2023.12.002
数字经济如何影响就业选择?
How does Digital Economy Affect Employment Choices?
摘要
Abstract
The digital economy leads to a new trend of flexible and diverse employment patterns,including informal employment as a significant mode of employment in China's labor market.This paper empirically estimates the impact of the digital economy on informal employment choices,using a two-way fixed-effects model with non-agricultural workers aged 16-59 from the 2012-2018 Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)and the matched data with the O*NET Work Importance Locator(WIL)on work motivation.Furthermore,it employs latent class analysis(LCA)to classify different work motivations and explores which group of workers are more likely to engage in informal employment in the digital economy. The findings reveal that the digital economy increases the probability of informal employment choices,especially for informal employees.The conclusion remains valid after endogeneity and robustness tests,such as applying conditional mixed process(CMP),modifying sample sizes,altering model settings,and replacing measures of the digital economy.The mechanism analysis shows that the effect of the digital economy on informal employment depends on the type of work motivations.The digital economy accentuates an inclination towards informal employment among workers with the motivation of supporting autonomy or relational autonomy.In contrast,autonomous workers prefer to be informal entrepreneurs.There are also differences in the impact of work motivation and the digital economy on informal employment choices,depending on factors such as birth cohort,education level,and skills.The findings of heterogeneity indicate that the new-generation,highly educated,and skilled workers are more inclined towards informal employment.In particular,informal entrepreneurship is more likely to involve workers with lower education or skills,as well as the older generation. The possible marginal contributions are as follows.Firstly,this paper presents new empirical evidence for understanding the heterogeneity of informal employment in the digital economy era by analyzing the effect of the digital economy on informal employment preferences and the underlying mechanisms.Secondly,it connects work motivation in O*NET with CGSS through occupational code-switching and applies LCA to classify them into distinct groups with work motivations.It is beneficial to identify the features of informal workers in the digital economy,and to understand how the digital economy impacts informal employment choices.Thirdly,it investigates the potential heterogeneity of the interaction between the digital economy and work motivations from the perspective of generation,education,and skills.The findings may provide valuable insights into how the digital economy enhances employment quality for different cohorts,and workers with different educational levels and occupational skills.Consequently,it provides new ideas for constructing more precise and effective social security policies for workers engaged in new forms of employment.关键词
数字经济/就业选择/非正规就业/工作动机/非正规受雇/非正规创业Key words
digital economy/employment choice/informal employment/work motivation/informal employee/informal entrepreneur分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
吕康银,陈思,贾利雯..数字经济如何影响就业选择?[J].经济与管理研究,2023,44(12):24-43,20.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目"新就业形态与劳动力市场转型——典型事实与作用机制"(71973022) （71973022）
