检验医学与临床2023，Vol.20Issue(24)：3632-3637,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9455.2023.24.012
15 784例未成年人呼吸道感染患者病原体IgM抗体检测及流行病学分析
Pathogen IgM antibody detection and epidemiological analysis of 15 784 minor patients with respiratory tract infection
摘要
Abstract
Objective To detect the IgM antibodies of respiratory infection pathogens among the minor pa-tients with respiratory tract infection in the Huangshi area,and to analyze their epidemiological characteris-tics,meanwhile to compare the diagnostic efficiency between the pathogenic antibody detection and nucleic acid detection of respiratory tract infection pathogens.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the IgM antibody detection results of respiratory tract pathogens in 15 784 minor patients of non-COVID-19 acute respiratory infections visited in the Huangshi Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and Huang-shi Aikang Hospital from January 1,2020 to December 31,2022.The relationship between the respiratory pathogen infections with the year,season,gender and age group was analyzed.The serum and throat swab samples from 384 minor patients with non-COVID-19 acute respiratory infections were collected and the IgM antibody and nucleic acid were detected by the serological method and multiplex nucleic acid amplification method.The difference was compared between the two testing methods.Results Among the 15 784 minor pa-tients with non-COVID-19 acute respiratory infections,the positive rate of respiratory pathogens IgM antibody was 24.50％.The IgM antibody detection rates for each year during 2020-2022 were 17.62％,28.70％and 25.89％,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(x2=167.699,P＜0.001).The IgM an-tibody highest detection rate of respiratory tract pathogens was Mycoplasma pneumoniae(15.25％),followed by Influenza virus type B(3.76％)and the third was Legionella pneumophila(2.15％).The IgM antibody de-tection rate was 21.66％in spring,26.33％in summer,29.86％in autumn and 20.49％in winter,the respira-tory tract pathogens detection rate had statistical difference among different seasons(X2=123.351,P＜0.001).The IgM antibody detection rate in females was higher than that in males(26.11％vs.23.09％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=19.341,P＜0.001).The IgM antibody detection rate was 3.46％in the neonates group,14.67％in the infants group,19.45％in the young children group,33.87％in the children group and 13.81％in the adolescents group,and the difference was statistically significant(X2=949.188,P＜0.001).Among the 384 samples in the comparison,the serum IgM antibody positive rate was 29.95％,and the respiratory throat swab nucleic acid positive rate was 34.11％,indicating the good consisten-cy between the two diagnostic methods(Kappa=0.809,P＜0.001).Conclusion The detection rate of patho-gen antibodies in the minor patients with respiratory infection is associated with year,season,gender and age.The epidemic pathogens of respiratory tract infection are not the same every year,and spring and winter are the high incidence seasons of respiratory tract infection in minors.In the detection of respiratory tract infection in minors,the positive rate of multiple respiratory tract pathogen nucleic acid detection is higher than that of serum IgM antibody detection,so it is recommended as the first choice clinical detection method.关键词
未成年人/呼吸道感染/IgM抗体/多重核酸检测Key words
minors/respiratory tract infections/IgM antibody/multiplex nucleic acid tests分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
刘冲,张静,李胜,杨婷婷..15 784例未成年人呼吸道感染患者病原体IgM抗体检测及流行病学分析[J].检验医学与临床,2023,20(24):3632-3637,6.基金项目
湖北省黄石市妇幼保健院院级科研基金项目(HSMCHH2022003). （HSMCHH2022003）
