气候变化研究进展2023，Vol.19Issue(6)：749-760,12.DOI:10.12006/j.issn.1673-1719.2023.128
面向碳中和的各国建筑运行能耗与碳排放对比研究方法及应用
Method and application of global building operation energy use and carbon emissions comparison in the context of carbon neutrality
摘要
Abstract
In the context of China's carbon peaking and carbon neutrality target,it is important for building sector to establish a roadmap to achieve these targets.Many countries have already committed to carbon peaking and neutrality goals to tackle climate change.The global comparison of building energy use and carbon emissions is an essential tool to understand the current state,predict future developing trend and design a carbon neutrality pathway for building sector in China,which can also provide guidance for other developing countries to establish similar pathways.In this paper,a method for calculating and comparing building operation energy use in different countries is proposed.The method applies the electricity-equivalent method to calculate the total energy use of building operation,and uses energy conversion factor benchmark to decouple building energy use and energy conversion system.Additionally,a comparative method for building operational carbon emissions is presented.The method is applied to conduct a global comparison of building operation energy use and carbon emissions in various countries.Then,the dominant factors of carbon emissions and the main issue in achieving carbon neutrality are analyzed.The results indicate that building operation energy use per capita or per unit floor area and carbon emission intensity in China are still relatively low compared to developed countries.However,carbon emissions per capita and carbon emission per unit equivalent electricity consumption of building operation in China are both higher than the global average.Finally,policy recommendations are proposed for carbon neutrality pathway in China's building sector.On the one hand,it is important to maintain a green and low-carbon lifestyle and keep building energy demand reasonable.On the other hand,it is suggested to promote the electrification of building energy use,as well as promoting the low-carbon transition of energy system to increase the proportion of renewable electricity generation.关键词
建筑领域碳中和/建筑运行能耗核算/电力当量法/碳排放/各国对比Key words
Carbon neutrality of building sector/Building operation energy use calculation/Electricity-equivalent method/Carbon emissions/Global comparison引用本文复制引用
杨子艺,胡姗,徐天昊,燕达,江亿..面向碳中和的各国建筑运行能耗与碳排放对比研究方法及应用[J].气候变化研究进展,2023,19(6):749-760,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目"向净零排放的公平过渡模式"(72261147760) （地区）
清华大学自主科研计划"双碳目标下的碳排放责任核算体系和政策机制研究"(2022THZWYY06) （2022THZWYY06）
