中国生态农业学报（中英文）2023，Vol.31Issue(12)：1909-1920,12.DOI:10.12357/cjea.20230360
长三角地区乡村景观空间形态对植物多样性的影响
Effects of rural landscape spatial morphology on plant diversity in the Yangtze River Delta region
摘要
Abstract
Analyzing rural plant diversity in relation to landscape spatial morphology is necessary to improve rural living environ-ments and maintaining stable rural ecosystems and biodiversity.Fourteen villages in Jiangning District,Nanjing City,Jiangsu Province were selected as experimental areas,and models such as stepwise regression and NMDS-Envfit were used to explore the im-pact of rural landscape spatial indicators on the α diversity and β diversity of rural plants in the Yangtze River Delta region.Land-scape indicators included two-dimensional plane forms,three-dimensional surface features,and four-dimensional historical dynamics.The research conclusions can be summarized as follows:1)Landscape spatial morphological indicators,such as the percentage of the landscape area covered with semi-natural patches,landscape cohesion index,surface roughness,and patch Euclidean nearest neigh-bor distance,had relatively significant impact on plant diversity.The patch Euclidean nearest-neighbor distance and patch area signi-ficantly and negatively affected the diversity of the arborous layer.Patch fragmentation,higher road density,and higher comprehens-ive dynamic degree of land use had a negative impact on the α diversity of shrub layer,while the distance from the road obviously af-fected the α diversity of herbaceous layer.2)Rural landscape spatial morphological indicators had an impact on plant β diversity.Spe-cifically,in the arborous layer,surface roughness and percentage of landscape area covered with semi-natural patches were the most important influencing factors.In the shrub layer,surface roughness and Shannon diversity index were the most important influencing factors.In the herbaceous layer,patch area and rural road density were the most important influencing factors.3)Considering the sig-nificance of landscape indicators,landscape ecological indicators and three-dimensional surface characteristics had the most signific-ant impact on plant diversity.The main manifestations were the positive correlation between the proportion of semi-natural patch area,patch area,cohesion degree,surface roughness,and plant diversity.The historical dynamics of the four-dimensional landscape had a weak impact on plant diversity,mainly manifesting as a positive correlation with the dynamic degree of semi-natural patches.Two-dimensional landscape indicators based on urban spatial morphology had the weakest impact on plant diversity,mainly mani-festing as the negative effects of rural spatial accessibility and road density on plant diversity.Based on the above results,landscape response strategies are proposed to provide guidance for the rural landscape construction process,such as effectively increasing the proportion of semi-natural habitat areas and landscape heterogeneity,comprehensively improving rural landscape cohesion,scientific-ally maintaining rural high-value woodland landscapes,and fully focusing on rural historical land use.This study provides a refer-ence for the maintenance of biodiversity during rural landscape construction and useful quantitative guidance for rural spatial plan-ning in the Yangtze River Delta region.关键词
乡村景观/植物多样性/景观空间形态指标/景观尺度/斑块尺度Key words
Rural landscape/Plant diversity/Landscape spatial morphology indicator/Landscape scale/Patch scale分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陈思淇,潘恺晨,徐姝瑶,张玉钧..长三角地区乡村景观空间形态对植物多样性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报（中英文）,2023,31(12):1909-1920,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD11004032)资助 This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2019YFD11004032). （2019YFD11004032）
