生态学报2023，Vol.43Issue(23)：9643-9661,19.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202210263042
小型水坝梯级开发对永宁河流域鱼类多样性的影响
Fish diversity in the Yongning River,a tributary with small cascade dams in the upper Yangtze River
摘要
Abstract
The Yongning River is a tributary on right bank of the upper Yangtze River,and there are more than 20 small dams constructed along mainstream and tributaries of the river.In order to understand the effect of cascade dams on fish diversity,a total of 42 sampling sites were set up in the Yongning River basin,covering the mainstream and tributaries and dams.Four times of fish investigations were implemented in July and October 2018,January and April 2019.During the survey,7332 fish of 69 species belonging to 4 orders,13 families and 54 genera were collected by gill nets,ground cages and electronic fishing.Thirteen of which were endemic to the upper Yangtze River.Three fish speies were listed as endangered and vulnerable species in the Red List of China's Vertebrates,and Procypris rabaudi was the second-class state protected wildlife in China.Fishes with higher index of relative importance(IRI)were small ones such as Zacco platypus,Carassius auratus and Microphysogobio kiatingensis,and there were 29 species with IRI＜10.There were 3620 fish of 24 species with an average length of＜10cm,and 6493 fish of 47 species with an average weight of＜50g.The fish individuals collected were relatively small in size and in a trend of miniaturization.Species richness and diversity were the highest in downstream of the mainstream,and the most number of individuals were in midstream of the mainstream.Due to the influence of natural environment and dams,the fish distribution in the Yongning River represented obviously spatial difference.The type of dam had a significant impact on fish diversity,while season had no significant impact on fish diversity.Fish diversity in reaches without dam was significantly higher than that in the reaches with low-head dams and high-head dams.The number of short-distance migratory fish species in summer was significantly higher than that in winter and spring,but the seasonal change of fish diversity was not obvious due to the small population.To protect fish diversity in the river affected by small hydropower stations,it is necessary to restore crucial habitats,dismantle some small dams,and implement scientific artificial enhancement and release.关键词
梯级电站/永宁河/鱼类多样性/时空变化/资源保护Key words
cascade dams/the Yongning River/fish diversity/spatio-temporal variation/resource protection引用本文复制引用
王泽松,宋昭彬,王小东,吴波,向朋,文秦超,黎树,马代强,刘峰林,金燕君..小型水坝梯级开发对永宁河流域鱼类多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2023,43(23):9643-9661,19.基金项目
四川省水产局科研项目(18H0500) （18H0500）
