土地退化零增长评估OACHSSCDCSCDCSTPCD
Taking land degradation neutrality from concept to practice:A case study of the Mongolian Plateau
由于全球气候变化以及人类活动对生态系统的影响加剧,干旱半干旱区的土地退化愈发严重.为了防止土地退化,联合国防治荒漠化公约(UNCCD)提出了土地退化零增长(LDN)的目标.首先介绍LDN的概念与评估方法,接下来以蒙古高原为例,采用土地覆盖、土地生产力和土壤有机碳3个核心指标,评估2001-2020年蒙古高原LDN目标的实现情况.研究结果表明,相对于基线期(2001-2010年)的生态系统状态,评估期内(2011-2020年)新增恢复区域的面积(10.83× 104km2)大于新增退化区域的面积(7.77×104km2),蒙古高原在2020年已实现土地退化零增长目标.两个十年中,恢复面积比退化面积分别超出6.87×105km2(2001-2010年)和9.44×105km2(2011-2020).但是现有的LDN评估方法存在指标和方法不完善以及数据源不确定等问题,未来研究需进一步优化和发展评估指标与方法.此外,目前以LDN为概念框架的实证性研究还比较少,区域评估有助于评判区域土地退化状况和识别关键区域,从而制订空间明晰的生态恢复策略.
Due to the increasing impact of global climate change and human activities on ecosystems,land degradation is becoming more serious in arid and semi-arid areas.The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)has put forward the goal of land degradation neutrality(LDN)to avoid,reduce and reverse land degradation.In this paper,we introduced the development of the concept and assessment method of LDN.Then,the Mongolian Plateau(MP)was taken as an example to evaluate the performance of the LDN goal using three key indicators:land cover,land productivity and soil organic carbon from 2001 to 2020.The results showed that compared with the ecosystem state in the baseline period(2001-2010),the area of newly restored area(10.83xl04km2)in the reporting period(2011-2020)was larger than that of newly degraded area(7.77xl04km2),indicating that the LDN goal had been achieved in the Mongolian Plateau in 2020.During the past two decades,the restored area exceeded the degraded area by 6.87× 105km2(2001-2010)and 9.44×105km2(2011-2020),respectively.However,there are some problems when using LDN assessment methods,like uncertain data,simple grading,insufficient indicators and lack of quantitative description.Therefore,we propose that future research need to further optimize and develop assessment indicators and methods.In addition,there are relatively few empirical studies based on the LDN conceptual framework up to now.The regional assessments can help to judge the status of regional land degradation and identify critical areas,which lead us to formulate spatially explicit ecological restoration strategies.We conduct this study in a typical area of arid and semi-arid regions,and aim to provide a scientific basis for formulating land management measures and coordinating sustainable development goals in the MP and other arid and semi-arid regions.
郑欣雨;吕楠;张璐
中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京 100085||中国科学院大学,北京 100049
土地退化零增长蒙古高原土地退化生态恢复可持续发展
land degradation neutralityMongolian Plateauland degradationecological restorationsustainable development
《生态学报》 2023 (023)
9925-9937 / 13
国家自然科学基金重大项目(41991234);中国科学院-马普学会双边合作项目(HZXM20225001MI)
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