沙漠与绿洲气象2023，Vol.17Issue(6)：75-82,8.DOI:10.12057/j.issn.1002-0799.2023.06.010
2023年4-5月寒潮天气过程对新疆棉花播种出苗及苗期生长的影响
Impact of Cold Wave Weather Processes on the Seeding and Seedling Growth of Xinjiang Cotton from April to May,2023
摘要
Abstract
Based on meteorological observation data from 105 national stations in Xinjiang from April to May,2023 and phenological data of cotton growth and development during the same period,the duration of daily average temperature≤12℃was selected as the indicator of low temperature chilling injury during cotton seedling stage.The GIS spatial weighted comprehensive evaluation method was used to divide the low temperature chilling injury indicator for cotton seedling stage growth.The results showed that most cotton planting periods in most cotton areas of Xinjiang were in April,later than those in normal years and last year,and cotton emergence was slow and difficult after sowing.Some cotton areas in northern Xinjiang,northern regions of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,and Aksu regions had experienced phenomena such as seed rot,bud rot,and cotton seedling wilt.Most of the cotton development period was in May,later than that in usual and last year.In the first ten-day of May,the temperature in the entire cotton area of Xinjiang continued to be low,with frequent precipitation,alkali disasters,low temperature frost,and local hail and other weather disasters,resulting in soil compaction in cotton fields and difficulties in cotton seedling emergence.In the last ten-day of the May,severe convective weather occurred in many areas,with hail and heavy rainfall causing cotton disasters.In April,many cotton areas appeared severe and more severe cold damage during the seedling stage,such as most of the cotton areas along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang,Shanshan,Hami,northern parts of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,and part of Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture.In May,cotton areas occurred severe and more severe cold damage during the seedling stage included Changji Prefecture,northern Hami,northern parts of Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,and parts of Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture.Based on the analysis of the continuous days with daily minimum temperature≤0℃,strong wind days,and daily average relative humidity in Xinjiang cotton areas from April to May,and it was found that most cotton areas along the Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang,including Turpan City,Bazhou Cotton Area,and the eastern part of Aksu,had been severely affected by freezing.It was necessary to promptly replenish seedlings and pay attention to the later growth status of cotton.关键词
棉花/苗期/低温冷害/大风/相对湿度Key words
cotton/seedling stage/low temperature chilling injury/strong winds/relative humidity分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
黄娟,黄健,吴新国,姚艳丽..2023年4-5月寒潮天气过程对新疆棉花播种出苗及苗期生长的影响[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2023,17(6):75-82,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41775109) （41775109）
中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所科技发展基金项目(KJFZ202309) （KJFZ202309）
棉花主要害虫爆发的气象机制和绿色防控示范推广项目(2022SNGGGCC014) （2022SNGGGCC014）
