中国畜牧兽医2023，Vol.50Issue(12)：4899-4907,9.DOI:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.12.012
饲用小黑麦青贮替代燕麦干草对奶牛生产性能及经济效益的影响
Effects of Triticale Silage Replacing Oat Hay on Production Performance and Economic Efficiency of Dairy Cows
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This experiment was conducted to optimize and establish the technology of utilizing forage triticale in dairy cows diets,and investigate the effect of replacing oat hay in diet with triticale silage on the production performance and economic efficiency of dairy cows.[Method]Triticale(JS 3th)harvested at lactation stage was selected for making hay and silage,and then the conventional nutrient composition of triticale hay,triticale silage and oat hay were detected by chemical method,and their nutritional quality characteristics were analyzed and compared.45 Chinese Holstein lactating dairy cows were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 15 cows in each group.The dairy cows in control group were fed the total mixed rations(TMR),and the dairy cows in groups 1 and 2 were fed with the same dry matter content of triticale silage to replace 50％and 100％oat hay in TMR,respectively.The trial period was 63 days,with a pre-test period of 7 days and a main test period of 56 days.During this period,the milk yield was recorded daily,and milk samples were collected each week to determine milk quality.The economic benefits of dairy cows were calculated based on feed costs and milk production.[Result]①The contents of crude fat(EE),crude ash(Ash),acidic detergent fiber(ADF)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)of triticale silage in dairy cows were significantly lower than those of triticale hay and oat hay(P＜0.05),and the silage fermentation indexes all met the quality silage standard.②The dry matter intake(DMI)of dairy cows in group 2 was significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05),the 4％fat correction milk(FCM)of dairy cows in groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05),and there were no significant difference of milk yield and feed efficiency in dairy cows among three groups(P＞0.05).③The milk fat of dairy cows in groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05),and the milk fat and milk protein of dairy cows in group 1 were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).④The feed costs in group 2 was higher than that in control group and group 1,and the milk income in group 1 was higher than that in control group and group 2.Compared with control group,the net incremental gain of dairy cows in groups 1 and 2 were higher by 2.90 and 1.93 RMB/(head·d),respectively.[Conclusion]Triticale silage replacing oat hay could improve the production performance,milk quality and economic efficiency of dairy cows.Therefore,triticale silage could be used as a high-quality roughage to replace oat hay in diets,with the best results at 50％replacement of oat hay.关键词
小黑麦青贮/奶牛/生产性能/乳品质/经济效益Key words
triticale silage/dairy cows/production performance/milk quality/economic efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王思伟,刘婷婷,王雅晶,石少轻,彭朋,梁爽,左文娟,王昆..饲用小黑麦青贮替代燕麦干草对奶牛生产性能及经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2023,50(12):4899-4907,9.基金项目
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36) （CARS-36）
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-LYS-19) （2022KJCXZX-LYS-19）
