长春中医药大学学报2023，Vol.39Issue(12)：1379-1383,5.DOI:10.13463/j.cnki.cczyy.2023.12.017
吉林地区老年人膳食结构及营养状况评价
Evaluation of dietary structure and nutritional status of elderly in Jilin region
摘要
Abstract
Objective To understand the dietary structure and nutritional status of the elderly in Jilin region,and analyze their dietary characteristics,so as to provide basis for health services for the elderly.Methods The 24-hour review method,food frequency method and micro nutrition assessment(MNA-SF)were used to calculate the daily food and nutrient intake with nutrition software,and the analysis and evaluation were carried out according to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2022)and the Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake for Chinese Residents(DRIs).Results the dietary structure of 147 elderly people surveyed showed that the intake of oil and salt exceeded the recommended intake,while the intake of fruit,fish and shrimp,dairy products and drinking water was obviously insufficient;The elderly in different age groups had insufficient intake of energy,protein,dietary fiber,and minerals such as calcium and selenium,while the intake of fat and sodium far exceeded the recommended intake.The energy supply ratio of fat in 65-79 years old group and carbohydrate in 80 years old group of women was higher than the reasonable nutrition requirement.The dinner energy supply of male and female 65-79 years old group was higher than the reasonable nutrition requirement.The main factors affecting the nutritional status of the elderly were age,sex,education level,the presence of chewing difficulties,and comorbidities with chronic diseases.Conclusion The dietary structure of the elderly surveyed has certain problems,including low intake of fruits,fish and shrimp,dairy products and water,etc,insufficient intake of energy,protein and dietary fiber,lower intake of calcium,magnesium,iron and selenium in minerals,and significantly excessive intake of sodium and fat beyond the standard.The energy supply ratio of the three nutrients in the two groups is basically reasonable;The dinner energy supply ratio of the elderly aged 65-79 exceeds the reasonable nutritional requirements;The risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients is higher.It is suggested to strengthen the management of reasonable nutrition and balanced diet for the elderly,advocate scientific and reasonable living and eating habits,and ensure good quality of life.关键词
老年人/膳食分析/营养状况Key words
elderly/diet analysis/nutritional status分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
孙维琦,徐小磊,刘莹,吕红梅,李泽堃,马爽,高伟超,赖亚辉,张忠..吉林地区老年人膳食结构及营养状况评价[J].长春中医药大学学报,2023,39(12):1379-1383,5.基金项目
吉林省科学技术厅项目(20210203093SF) （20210203093SF）
