华北农学报2023，Vol.38Issue(6)：108-117,10.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.20193774
填闲作物替代有机肥对设施土壤氮磷淋洗的影响
Effects of Substitution of Catch Crops for Organic Manure on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching in Greenhouse Soil
摘要
Abstract
In order to control the amount of organic manure in the greenhouse vegetable management system,reduce the load of nitrogen and phosphorus in the greenhouse soil and reduce the risk of non-point source pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in the greenhouse vegetable,a 3-year field experiment,was conducted,and a total of 5 treatments were set.They were the farmers' traditional amount of organic manure in this study area(FP,i.e.the control treatment),the amount of 50%of farmers'traditional amount of organic manure(FP-M,i.e organic manure reduction treatment),and catch crop planted in the fallow period on the basis of the FP-M treatment with forage maize,forage sorghum and legumes incorporation(FP-M +C,FP-M +S and FP-M +L,respectively).In FP-M +C,FP-M +S and FP-M +L treatment,the straw was returned in situ before vegetable transplanting.The leaching liquor was collected in situ,and nitrogen and phosphorus leaching amount,soil organic matter,NO3--N,Olsen-P and vege-table yield were measured,to study the effect of substitution of catch crops for organic manure during the fallow peri-od.The results showed that,there was no difference in vegetable yield between FP treatment and FP-M,FP-M +C,FP-M +S and FP-M + L treatment.However,FP-M + C and FP-M + S treatments had significantly higher organic matter content in 0-40 cm soil compare to FP treatment.Compared with FP treatment,the leaching amount of total nitrogen in the FP-M,FP-M +C,FP-M +S and FP-M +L treatment showed a significant decrease in the fallow peri-od,and decreased by as much as 13.9%,59.5%,65.4%and 54.5%,respectively;in the vegetable growing peri-od,and decreased by as much as 38.3%,48.5%,39.0%and 24.0%,respectively.Compared with FP treatment,the leaching amount of total phosphorus in the FP-M,FP-M +C,FP-M +S and FP-M +L treatment showed a signifi-cant decrease in the fallow period,and decreased by as much as 42.3%,53.9%,45.4%and 49.1%,respective-ly;in the vegetable growing period,and decreased by as much as 37.7%,33.8%,27.7%and 26.3%,respective-ly.The NO3--N and Olsen-P contents soil profile of the FP-M,FP-M +C,FP-M +S and FP-M +L treatments were significantly decreased compared with FP treatment,in 80-200 cm and 20-80 cm,respectively.Therefore,that re-ducing 50%of the organic manure by farmers'practice and planting catch crops in the fallow period and returning the straw in situ before vegetable transplanting can increase organic matter content in 0-40 cm soil in the study are-a.Obviously,the organic manure can be substituted with catch crops.It reduces the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in greenhouse vegetable while decreasing nitrogen and phosphorus leaching.关键词
填闲作物/有机肥/设施土壤/氮磷淋洗Key words
Catch crops/Organic manure/Greenhouse soil/Nitrogen and phosphorus leaching分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王立革,焦晓燕,郭珺,王劲松,武爱莲,王媛,董二伟,韩雄..填闲作物替代有机肥对设施土壤氮磷淋洗的影响[J].华北农学报,2023,38(6):108-117,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901101-3) （2021YFD1901101-3）
山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601013) （202102140601013）
