华北农学报2023，Vol.38Issue(6)：201-210,10.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.20194374
西藏特色牦牛mtDNA ND1遗传多样性及系统进化分析
Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis of mtDNA ND1 in Characteristic Tibetan Yak
摘要
Abstract
The aims of this study were to explore the genetic diversity,phylogenetic evolution and genetic rela-tionship from six yak groups of Tibetan yaks by mtDNA ND1.To provide a theoretical basis for the genetic diversity,historical evolution,the protection and utilization of genetic resources of Tibetan yaks.The sequences of ND1 gene protein coding region(CDS)in 95 individuals of Pali yak,Jiali yak,Gongbujiangda yak,Sibu yak,Jiangda yak and Lei-wuqi yak were analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing.DNAMAN,DNASP 5.1,Mega 7.0,Arlequin 3.5.2 and other software were used to analyze the sequence polymorphism,haplotype diversity,genetic distance and constructed the haplotype network map and phylogenetic tree.The result showed that the sequence length of CDS region of ND1 gene of Tibetan yaks population were 956 bp,and a total of 78 mutation loci and 16 haplotypes were detected and the average haplotype diversity(Hd)and nucleotide diversity(Pi)were 0.670 and 0.004 21,Tajima's D was all negative.According to the molecular variance analysis of population genetic differences,the degree of variation within Tibetan yaks was greater than among populations;the degree of differentiation between Sibu yak and Jiali yak was large,and the degree of differen-tiation among most other groups was medium or weak.In addition,cluster analysis found that Leiwuqi yak was grouped in-to a single group,Jiali yak,Gongbujiangda yak,Sibu yak and Jiangda yak were first grouped into one group,and then grouped with Pali yak;the 16 haplotypes were divided into two clusters,suggesting that there may be two maternal origins in Tibetan yaks.The cluster analysis with other cattle breeds showed that Bos grunniens,Bos taurus and Bos javanicus may be the mixed maternal origin of Tibetan yaks.The genetic diversity of Tibetan yaks was very rich,among which the genet-ic diversity of Leiwuqi yaks was the most abundant,six yak populations had two maternal origins.关键词
西藏牦牛/ND1基因/遗传多样性/系统进化/遗传分化Key words
Tibetan yak/ND1 gene/Genetic diversity/System evolution/Genetic differentiation分类
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者玉琦,柴志欣,武志娟,姜辉,钟金城,信金伟..西藏特色牦牛mtDNA ND1遗传多样性及系统进化分析[J].华北农学报,2023,38(6):201-210,10.基金项目
西南民族大学研究生创新型科研项目(ZD2023385) （ZD2023385）
西藏自治区重大科技专项(XZ202101ZD0002N-01) （XZ202101ZD0002N-01）
