计算机工程与应用2024，Vol.60Issue(1)：57-73,17.DOI:10.3778/j.issn.1002-8331.2302-0189
区块链系统身份管理机制研究综述
Survey on Identity Management in Blockchain Systems
摘要
Abstract
Blockchain technology integrates various technologies and theories such as P2P networks,consensus mecha-nisms,cryptography,game theory and economics as an innovative application.It challenges the constraints imposed by centralized mechanisms in traditional systems with its characteristic of decentralization.It achieves trustworthiness,trace-ability and tamper resistance in transactions within an open network environment without the need for a trusted third party through consensus mechanisms.The new computing paradigm and trust mechanism formed by blockchain technology contribute to the transformation of management models.The transparency of the ledger and the multi-party consensus mechanism in blockchain technology pose challenges to identity management in blockchain systems at the same time,where transactions serve as the smallest data unit.This paper provides insights into understanding blockchain identity identification and authentication methods and strengthens information discovery and value extraction in different applica-tion scenarios by reviewing the important research achievements in blockchain system identity management technology.This paper explains the characteristics of the UTXO model and the account model by discussing the characteristics of identity management in traditional systems and blockchain systems and clarifying the main contents of blockchain identity management.It further analyzes three types of blockchain system identity identification mechanisms:public key transfor-mation,digital certificates and decentralized digital identity.It also examines three types of blockchain authentication methods:anonymous authentication,real-name authentication and controllable anonymous authentication.It finally offers prospects for the future development of blockchain identity management technology.关键词
区块链/身份管理/身份标识/身份认证Key words
blockchain/identity management/identity identification/identity authentication分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
李馥娟,马卓,王群..区块链系统身份管理机制研究综述[J].计算机工程与应用,2024,60(1):57-73,17.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(62272203) （62272203）
江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(20KJA520004) （20KJA520004）
江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队 （）
公安技术、网络空间安全"十四五"江苏省重点学科 （）
计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室(南京大学)开放课题(KFKT2022B23). （南京大学）
