吉林农业大学学报2023，Vol.45Issue(6)：747-755,9.DOI:10.13327/j.jjlau.2021.1221
防治人参菌核病新型高效低毒农药室内筛选
Indoor Screening of New High-efficiency and Low-toxicity Fungicides for the Prevention and Control of Sclerotinia ginseng
摘要
Abstract
Using different chemical fungicides and biocontrol agents(strains),the growth rate method was used to determine the indoor toxicity of Sclerotinia ginseng,and the effects of different agents on the number of sclerotia formation at different concentrations were compared in order to screen efficient agents for the prevention and controlt of Sclerotinia ginseng.The results showed that epoxiconazole and fludioxonil had the best antifungal effects in the tested chemicals,and their EC50 and EC90 values are both less than 0.010 0 mg/L,followed by tebuconazole and fluazinam,with EC50 and EC90 values less than 0.100 0 mg/L.The antifungal effects and sclerotia formation inhibition effects of 16 chemical fungicides were evaluated for the first time using the technical materials,which can reflect the actual level of the fungicides more truly.Among them,epoxiconazole and fluazinam were used for the first time in the prevention and control of Sclerotinia ginseng.Among the biocontrol agents(strains),Bacillus subtilis(Kenuo)and composite endophyte Bacillus(Jingqing)had the best antifungal effects,EC50 value is less,and EC90 at 4.22 × 105 and 2.45 × 106 CFU/mL,respectively;followed by Bacillus subtilis(Deqiang),Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FS6,the EC50 is less than 2.0 × 105 CFU/mL,and the EC90 is less than 6.0 × 107 CFU/mL.Among them,B.amyloliquefaciens FS6 is a biocontrol agent independently developed by our laboratory.In terms of inhibiting the formation of sclerotia,biological agents are more effective than chemical agents.After 30 days,they were com-bined with composite endophyte Bacillus(Jingqing),Paenibacillus polymyxa(Linyi),B.subtilis(Kono,Deqiang).B.amyloliquefaciens FS6 and N1 could continue to inhibit mycelium without forming sclerotia,and the inhibition rate of sclerotia formation reached 100％.In this test,a total of 13 high-efficiency,low-toxicity,and low-residue chemical agents with good antifungal effects on S.ginseng were screened out,and 5 high-efficiency,low-toxicity,and no-residue biocontrol agents were selected,and all of them can inhibit sclerotia formation.The chemical agents such as epoxicon-azole,fluazinam,pyraclostrobin,pyraclostrobin,and biocontrol agents such as B.amyloliquefaciens and P.polymyxa selected in this study were used indoor for Sclerotinia ginseng for the first time.This study lays a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of Sclerotinia ginseng.关键词
人参/菌核病菌/化学药剂/生防菌剂/毒力测定/室内筛选Key words
ginseng/Sclerotinia sclerotiorum/chemical fungicide/biocontrol agent/toxicity test/indoor screening分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
冯时,孙国刚,冯志伟,白洁,宋明海,杨丽娜,王雪,卢宝慧,高洁..防治人参菌核病新型高效低毒农药室内筛选[J].吉林农业大学学报,2023,45(6):747-755,9.基金项目
吉林省科技发展计划项目(20180311001YY,20180201003NY),"111基地"建设项目(D17014) （20180311001YY,20180201003NY）
