环境与职业医学2023，Vol.40Issue(12)：1379-1386,8.DOI:10.11836/JEOM23179
上海市青浦区地表水中典型药品和个人护理品污染特征与初步环境风险评估
Pollution characteristics and preliminary environmental risk assessment of typical pharmaceu-tical and personal care products in surface water of Qingpu District,Shanghai
摘要
Abstract
[Background]Pollution prevention and control of surface water is the focus of joint prevention and control work in the Yangtze River Delta Demonstration zone.As an important part of the zone,Qingpu District of Shanghai is rich in water resources.However,there are many livestock,poultry,and aquaculture,which may result in potential pollution risks of pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs). [Objective]To investigate the pollution levels and distribution characteristics of typical PPCPs in the surface water of Qingpu District of Shanghai,and to conduct a preliminary environmental risk assessment for the chemicals with relatively high concentrations. [Methods]Surface water samples at 15 pre-determined sites in Qingpu District of Shanghai were collected according to the Technical specifications for surface water environmental quality monitoring(HJ 91.2-2022),focusing on sewage treatment plants and animal husbandry and aquaculture farms with potential PPCP discharge.A total of 47 PPCPs were determined by automated solid phase extraction coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spec-trometry in the collected surface water samples.The regional distribution characteristics of different PPCPs were analyzed.Risk quotient was applied to access the preliminary environmental risk of 17 key PPCPs with relatively high concentrations. [Results]The results showed that 36 PPCPs were positive with a maximum concentration range of 0.53-1720.00 ng·L-1 and a detection rate range of 6.67%-100.00%.The dominant detected PPCPs were neurostimulants(caffeine),sulfonamides,quinolones,and cardiovas-cular drugs.Caffeine was determined in a concentration range of 77.10-1720.00 ng·L-1,accounting for 65.28%of the total detected PPCPs.Sulfonamides accounted for 10.38%and the typical sulfonamides were sulfadiazine and sulfamethoxazole with the highest detected concentrations of 349.00 ng·L-1 and 23.40 ng·L-1,respectively.In contrast,quinolones and cardiovascular drugs had relatively low propor-tions(7.08%and 6.59%,respectively).According to the spatial distribution analysis of PPCPs in the surface water of Qingpu District,it ex-hibited a trend of high pollution level in the northeast and southern regions and a low pollution level in the central region,except for a few sites.Although the caffeine concentration in surface water was high,its ecotoxicity effect was low without obvious environmental risk.However,sulfadiazine and sarafloxacin had a potential high risk(risk quotient:1.10-2.59).The environmental risks of sarafloxacin might be overestimated for its limited ecotoxicity data.Potential moderate risks(risk quotient:0.103-0.980)were identified for sertraline,carbamazepine,fluoxetine,and ciprofloxacin,etc.Medium or high environmental risk was found in 2-5 kinds of PPCPs in each sampling site. [Conclusion]Pollution of PPCPs to certain extent in the surface water of Qingpu District of Shanghai is determined.Identified potential environmental risks are posed by sulfonamides,quinolones,and neuropathic drugs.It is suggested to strengthen the supervision of sul-fanilamides and quinolones,and formulate policies of the use and emission management of key neuropathic drugs.关键词
药品和个人护理品/溯源分析/咖啡因/抗生素/环境风险评估Key words
pharmaceutical and personal care products/source analysis/caffeine/antibiotic/environmental risk assessment分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
沈璐,陈晓倩,刘敏..上海市青浦区地表水中典型药品和个人护理品污染特征与初步环境风险评估[J].环境与职业医学,2023,40(12):1379-1386,8.基金项目
浦东新区科技发展基金事业单位民生科研专项项目(PKJ2021-C07) （PKJ2021-C07）
