农业环境科学学报2023，Vol.42Issue(12)：2721-2730,10.DOI:10.11654/jaes.2023-0568
金属矿区土壤重金属污染的分布特征及因果关系解析
Distribution characteristics and causality analysis of soil heavy metals pollution in a metal mining area:a case study of a gold mine
摘要
Abstract
In order to objectively evaluate the situation of soil heavy metal pollution in mining area and analyze its causal relationship,in this study,a gold mine in Qinba Mountain area of Shaanxi Province was selected as the object.The soil heavy metal pollution degree and ecological risk in the study area were evaluated using the local accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method.The spatial distribution characteristics and homology of heavy metal pollutants were examined through chemical and correlation analysis,to analyze the causality of soil heavy metal pollution in the study area.The results showed that the pH of surface water in the study area ranged from 2.66 to 8.18,and 62.5%of the surface water was lower than the standard of ClassⅡsurface water,especially the surface water in industrial sites and gullies was strongly acidic.The soil in the entire study area was mainly acidic,and the variation coefficients of Cd,Hg,and Cu in soil samples were all greater than 1,which indicates strong variation and is significantly affected by human factors.The soil accumulation index method showed that Cd and As were the most obvious heavy metal elements in the soil of mining area,especially in agricultural land and on industrial sites.The pollution behavior of Pb and Cr elements was the least prominent,and the pollution-free point number in three different regions reached 100%.From the perspective of the comprehensive degree of potential ecological risk,the three regions were in the medium ecological risk or above.The industrial site had a high ecological risk grade and the comprehensive risk index was 429.5.The tailings pond and agricultural land were a medium ecological risk grade,and the comprehensive risk indices were 164.1 and 155.3,respectively.Our results indicate that the tailings pond and mine water gushing are the key pollution sources in the study area,and more attention should be paid to the ecological risks of Cd and As in the ecological environment management with monitoring in the later stages.关键词
土壤/重金属/污染特征/风险评价/因果关系Key words
soil/heavy metal/pollution characteristic/risk assessment/causality分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
冯娟,艾昊,陈清敏,赵鹏鹤,李华,汪文波,薛智凤..金属矿区土壤重金属污染的分布特征及因果关系解析[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(12):2721-2730,10.基金项目
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划课题(2022JQ-287) （2022JQ-287）
2022年陕西省省级生态环保及应急管理专项资金项目:秦巴地区典型金属矿山环境损害鉴定评估方法研究 （）
陕西省公益性地质调查项目(202114) Shaanxi Province Natural Science Basic Research Project(2022JQ-287) （202114）
2022 Shaanxi Provincial Ecological Environmental Protection and Emergency Management Special Fund Project （）
Shaanxi Public Welfare Geological Survey Project(202114) （202114）
