生态环境学报2023，Vol.32Issue(11)：1913-1921,9.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2023.11.002
北部湾海洋鱼类微塑料污染特征及其风险评估
Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Beibu Gulf Marine Fish
摘要
Abstract
Microplastics(MPs)are ubiquitous in marine fish tissues.The accumulation of MPs and their associated pollutants in fish can reflect the distribution characteristics,pollutant sources,and ecological risk effects of MPs in marine environments.This study aimed to investigate the pollution characteristics and risk effects of MPs in fish from the Beibu Gulf aquatic environment.A total of 144 marine fish specimens from six regions were analyzed for MPs.The extraction of MPs was performed using a 10％potassium hydroxide digestion and vacuum filtration method,and their chemical composition was determined through laser Raman spectroscopy and in situ infrared spectroscopy.The contamination level of MPs in the study area was assessed using the risk index(H)and the pollution load index(PLI)methods.The results showed that the mean abundance of gastrointestinal tract(GIT)MPs was more significant than that of the gill tissue.MPs were extracted from 46％of the fish samples,with a total of 70 MPs detected.The average ingestion of MPs per fish was 0.490,with a GIT detection rate of 36％and an average abundance of 0.417 items∙ind-1,a gill detection rate of 13％and an average abundance of 0.069 items∙ind-1.The detected MPs were mainly composed of red polycarbonate and polypropylene fibers ranging from 50 to 500 μm.Pearson tests showed no correlation between abundance,size and shape with habitat or diet(abundance:t=0.157,P=0.244;t=0.083,P=0.537 size:t=0.171,P=0.204;t=-0.04,P=0.767 shape:t=0.075,P=0.581;t=-0.053,P=0.696).The abundance of GIT MPs showed a strong negative correlation with fish length(r2=0.946,a=-0.013).The abundance of GIT MPs showed a weak correlation with fish weight(r2=0.365,a=-0.604).There was no correlation between the abundance of gill MPs and the fish length or weight(length:r2=0.040,a=-0.002;weight:r2=0.073,a=-0.270).The overall risk category of fish MPs in the Beibu Gulf study area was classified as level Ⅱ,indicating a mild pollution level.The risk category of the Bai Majing area(S5)was classified as level Ш,indicating a higher degree of microplastic pollution in this area,with a greater variety of harmful plastic polymers.Although the gastrointestinal tract and gills of fish are removed during cooking,some smaller fish and shellfish can be consumed directly,so the health risks of MPs to humans cannot be excluded.关键词
微塑料/分布特征/风险评估/相关性分析/海洋鱼类/北部湾Key words
microplastics/distribution characteristics/risk assessment/correlation analysis/marine fish/Beibu Gulf分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
李文菁,黄月群,黄亮亮,李向通,苏琼源,孙扬言..北部湾海洋鱼类微塑料污染特征及其风险评估[J].生态环境学报,2023,32(11):1913-1921,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2087) （U20A2087）
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB22035050) （桂科AB22035050）
广西重点实验室研究基金主任项目(桂科能2101Z013) （桂科能2101Z013）
桂林理工大学科研启动基金(GUQDJJ2001012) （GUQDJJ2001012）
